Cultivez une véritable humilité ; dans le calme dépouillement des couches fausses, trouvez la force dans l'authenticité.
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On a pu parvenir à un compromis parce que les autres n'ont plus la force de discuter. taoscopy.com
Modestie15
Adoptez l'humilité et l'équilibre ; laissez la modestie guider vos actions pour un progrès harmonieux.
↓ Line 3
Une personne qui allie modestie et compétence peut accomplir de grandes choses et mener des projets à bien.
↓ Line 6
Lorsque la modestie est évidente, il est approprié de prendre des mesures décisives pour corriger les problèmes internes et améliorer la communauté.
↓ Se séparer23
Démêler les structures ; fins nécessaires. Préparez-vous pour de nouveaux commencements. Embrassez le changement, en laissant l'ancien s'effondrer.
Other titles: Modesty, The Symbol of Humility, Moderation, Humbling, Respectful/Humble, Yielding/Retiring. 1. Obtaining this hexagram implies that modesty is needed in our attitude, meaning, to allow ourself to be led without resistance. – C.K. Anthony. 2. A Humble or modest person is thought of as having an “empty or unoccupied” mind, meaning a mind without prejudice. – Chung Wu. 3. Only superior people who practice Tao know where to stop, disregard what they have and appear to have nothing. – T. Cleary.
Judgment
Legge:Temperance indicates successful progress. Temperancebrings a good issue to the superior man's undertakings.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty creates success. The superior man carries things through.
Blofeld:Modesty brings success. The Superior Man is able to carry affairs through to completion.
Liu: Modesty: success. The superior man can continue to work to the end.
Ritsema/Karcher: Humbling, Growing. A chun tzu possesses completing. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of the necessity to cut through pride and complication. It emphasizes that keeping your words unpretentious is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Modesty: Receipt; the gentleman has an end.
Cleary (1):Humility is developmental. The superior person has a conclusion.
Cleary (2):Humility gets through. A leader has a conclusion.
Wu:Humility is pervasive. The jun zi will have grace in death.
The Image
Legge: A mountain hidden within the earth -- the image of Temperance. The superior man, in accordance with this, diminishes his excesses to augment his insufficiencies, thus creating a just balance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Within the earth, a mountain: the image of Modesty. Thus the superior man reduces that which is too much, and augments that which is too little. He weighs things and makes them equal.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes a mountain in the centre of the earth. The Superior Man takes from where there is too much in order to augment what is too little. He weighs things and apportions them fairly. [The component trigrams symbolize a mountain surrounded by flat earth, thus suggesting too much in one place and too little in others.]
Liu: The mountain within the earth symbolizes modesty. The superior man reduces the excess and increases the lacking; he weighs and then equalizes all things.
Ritsema/Karcher: Earth center possessing mountain. Humbling. A chun tzu uses reducing the numerous to augment the few. A chun tzu uses evaluating beings to even spreading-out.
Cleary (1): There are mountains in the earth; modesty. Thus does the superior person decrease the abundant and add to the scarce, assessing things and dealing impartially.
Cleary (2): … Leaders assess people and give impartially, by taking from the abundant and adding to the scarce.
Wu: There is a mountain inside earth; this is Humility. Thus the jun zi takes excess from the more to enrich the less and measures goods to ensure fair distribution. [To prepare oneself to accept what is fair among all his fellow men is the essence of humility.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: It is the way of heaven to dispense its blessings downwards, and the way of earth to radiate its influence upwards. Both heaven and earth diminish the full to augment the lowly. Spiritual beings inflict calamity on the proud and bless the meek, and men resent ostentation and love temperance. Temperanceenlightens an honorable office, and neither will men ignore it in lowly positions. Thus does the superior man attain his ends. [Emphasis editor's -- Ritsema/Karcher translate "spiritual beings" [Kuei Shen] as: "The whole range of imaginal beings both inside and outside the individual; spiritual powers, gods, demons, ghosts, powers, fetishes.”]
Legge: An essay on temperance rightly follows that on abundant possessions. The third line, dynamic among five magnetic lines, in the topmost place of the trigram of Keeping Still, is the ruler of the hexagram. He is the representative of Temperance -- strong, but self-effacing. The idea is that temperance is the way to permanent success.
The Confucian commentary deals generally with the subject of temperance, showing how it is valued by heaven and earth, by spirits and by men. The descent of the heavenly influences, and the low position of the earth are both symbolic of temperance. The heavenly influences are seen in the daily fluctuations of the sun and moon, and the fertility of the earth correspondingly waxes and wanes with the seasons.
The Daily Lecture says:"The five yin lines above and below symbolize the earth; the one yang line in the center is the mountain in the midst of the earth. The many yin lines represent men's desires; the one yang line represents the heavenly principle. The superior man, looking at this symbolism, diminishes the multitude of human desires within him, and increases the single shoot of the heavenly principle; so does he become grandly just, and can deal with all things evenly according to the nature of each. In whatever circumstances or place he is, he will do what is right.”
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment:Temperance means maintaining a dynamic/magnetic balance of forces to attain success.
The Superior Man maintains equilibrium in all that he does.
The most common translation of the title for this hexagram is Modesty, but I have chosen Temperance as a title more expressive of the ideas in the Image and Confucian commentary. The words “modesty” and “humility” often carry a connotation of weakness in western usage, and “temperance,” meaning to temper or regulate, is more expressive of the dynamic strength of will required to restrain and modulate the drive to dominate every situation.
The Image shows a mountain hidden beneath the earth--the quiet, invincible power of sheer will is hidden from view, yet it influences everything. Who observing such a level surface would know that the bulk of Mt. Everest was buried beneath it? Temperance means that one's power is hidden, that the fluctuations of heaven and earth are kept in such dynamic/magnetic balance as to be invisible to ordinary vision. The temperate person is strong enough to bear the weight of the world when that is necessary for the Work.
Marcus Aurelius, the Stoic Roman Emperor, was arguably the most powerful man of his time, yet his temperance and modesty showed him to fulfill the ideal of the superior man. Only the truly strong can be truly modest.
And let this truth be present to thee in the excitement of anger, that to be moved by passion is not manly, but that mildness and gentleness, as they are more agreeable to human nature, so also are they more manly; and he who possesses these qualities possesses strength, nerves and courage, and not the man who is subject to fits of passion and discontent. For in the same degree in which a man's mind is nearer to freedom from all passion, in the same degree also is it nearer to strength. Marcus Aurelius
Line 3
Legge: The third line, dynamic, shows the superior man of acknowledged merit. He will maintain his success to the end, and have good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: A superior man of modesty and merit carries things to conclusion. Good fortune.
Blofeld: The Superior Man, exceedingly hard-working yet modest, brings his affairs to fruition -- good fortune!
Liu: The superior man works in a modest way to conclusion. Good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Toiling Humbling: chun tzu. Possessing completing significant.
Shaughnessy: Toiling modesty; the gentleman has an end; auspicious.
Cleary (1): Working with humility, the superior person has a conclusion. This bodes well.
Cleary (2): Leaders who work and achieve yet are humble have an auspicious conclusion.
Wu: Working hard toward humility, the jun zi will have grace in death. This will be auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The myriads of the people will submit to him. Wilhelm/ Baynes: All the people obey him. Blofeld: The people most willingly submit to him. Ritsema/Karcher: The myriad commoners submitting indeed. Cleary (2): The people submit to leaders who work and achieve yet are humble. Wu: Because he has the support of all the people.
The Master said:"He toils with success, but does not boast of it; he achieves merit, but takes no virtue to himself from it; this is the height of generous goodness, and speaks of the man who with great merit yet places himself below others. He wishes his virtue to be more and more respectful, he who is so modest, carrying his respectfulness to the utmost, will be able to preserve himself in his position.”
Legge: Line three is dynamic, and occupies his proper place. He is the lord of the hexagram, to whom all represented by the lines above and below turn.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man disregards his fame and acknowledged merit but toils on laboriously and unpretentiously. He is supported by all the people in bringing his works to a successful conclusion.
Wing: With an unwavering commitment and hard work, you gain honor and fame. Do not allow such recognition to lead you astray or put you in a compromising position. Maintaining the perseverance that brought you prominence will win you continued support. You can then bring your work to completion.
Editor: The key idea here is the notion of inferior elements submitting to a calmly devoted superior element. The inferior elements acknowledge their superior and willingly submit to him.
Plans for control of the evil forces that have been loosed in the world, attempts to compensate the evil- doing by good works or sympathy for the victims, efforts to safeguard the peace or to effect ideal solutions of all the material problems involved, can do little to change the nature of the situation. The real problem, namely, the question of what can be done for civilization in face of the nonhuman forces arising from the collective unconscious in thousands or rather millions of individual persons, will remain untouched. However, if only one human being has met and solved the problem in himself, he will be a living demonstration of a solution. Such an individual carries with him the germ of a renaissance of the spiritual values of mankind. M.E. Harding -- Psychic Energy
A. The ego fulfills its role by bringing disparate elements (emotions, desires, appetites, etc.) into willing compliance with the goals of the Work.
B. A strong stance inspires obedience.
Line 6
Legge: The sixth line, magnetic, shows us temperance that has made itself recognized. The subject of it will with advantage put her army in motion, but she will only punish her own towns and state.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty that comes to expression. It is favorable to set armies marching to chastise one's own city and one's country.
Blofeld: Modestly crows the cock. Now is the time to set armies marching to subdue the cities and the countries of the empire.
Liu: Modesty is expressed. It is favorable to use the army to chastise the city and country.
Ritsema/Karcher: Calling Humbling. Harvesting: availing-of moving legions. Chastising the capital city.
Shaughnessy: Calling modesty; beneficial herewith to move troops to campaign against city and state.
Cleary (1): Trumpeting humility, it is profitable to use the army to conquer one’s land.
Cleary (2): Expressing humility, one profits from military operations attacking the country.
Wu: The subject rolls about humility. It will be advantageous to use the armies to chasten the seditious state.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: All her aims have not yet been attained. She may employ the force of arms only to correct her own towns and state. Wilhelm/ Baynes: The purpose is not yet attained. Blofeld: Because the ruler's will has yet to be carried out, it is proper to do so. [This omen can be taken to indicate that we can afford to go forward boldly with our plans, but only if their fruition will tally with the general good. "The ruler's will” in this case is roughly synonymous with the public good.] Ritsema/Karcher: Purpose not-yet acquired indeed. Permitting availing-of moving legions. Chastising the capital city indeed. Cleary (2): The aspiration has not been attained. Wu: His aspirations have not been fulfilled … The purpose is to chasten the seditious state.
Legge: The subject of the magnetic sixth line is outside a game that has been played out. She will use force, but only within her own sphere and to assert what is right. She will not be aggressive. Chu Hsi bases all that is said under line six on its being a magnetic line, so that the temperate ruler is unable even at the close of the action to accomplish all her objects, and must limit her field even in appealing to arms.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Even though the man's probity is recognized, his aims are not yet achieved. True modesty begins by disciplining one's own ego and the character of one's immediate circle, without being aggressive beyond.
Wing: Your inner development is not yet complete. The time calls for self-discipline. When difficulties arise, do not place the blame upon others. Once you begin to take responsibility for your own destiny you can bring order to your environment.
Editor: The ruler uses force to attain order in both this and the previous line, but here her influence is confined to immediate objectives. Temperance in this instance is expressed in her awareness of a lack of wholeness in the matter at hand, and of her own limitations in being able to effect completion. Psychologically, to "punish your own towns and state:” is to confine your action to the proper discipline of inner responses: emotions, drives, temptations, etc.
Better an equable man than a hero, a man master of himself than one who takes a city. Proverbs 16: 32
A. Recognize the limitations inherent in the situation and confine your action to objectives within your own sphere of control.
B. A modest, although incomplete, achievement. Confine your activity to controlling personal responses.
C. Don't get carried away with a modest achievement.
Autres titres : Séparation, Le symbole de la Chute ou de l'Écorchement, Décollage, Décomposition, Écorchement, Dépouillement, Intrigue, Détérioration, Effondrement, Fracturation, Déchirure, Désintégration, Ruine, Effilochage, "Peut se référer à une séparation physique. Créer une base sécurisée." -- D.F. Hook
Jugement
Legge :Désintégration signifie qu'il n'est pas avantageux de se déplacer dans quelque direction que ce soit.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Séparation. Il n'est pas favorable d'aller nulle part.
Blofeld : Décollage. Actuellement, il n'y a pas de but (ou destination) qui puisse être recherché avec avantage. [Décollage dans le sens de se débarrasser des obstacles (ou des gêneurs) un par un. Les quatre premières lignes de cet hexagramme symbolisent un processus de libération progressive de tous ceux sur qui nous avons l'habitude de compter, car les forces des ténèbres sont en ascension et personne ne peut être digne de confiance. Cependant, à long terme, la vertu triomphe, comme l'indique la ligne cinq, et finalement nous sommes d'autant plus estimés pour notre constance, comme on peut le voir à partir de la ligne six.]
Liu : Décomposition. Il est défavorable d'entreprendre quoi que ce soit.
Ritsema/Karcher :Dépouillement pas de Récolte : posséder une direction. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de quelque chose de dépassé ou usé. Il souligne que l'élimination de ce qui est devenu inutilisable est la manière adéquate de le gérer...]
Shaughnessy : Écorchement : Pas bénéfique d'avoir un endroit où aller.
Cleary (1) :Dépouillement ne rend pas bénéfique d'aller nulle part.
Cleary (2) : … Il n'est pas bénéfique, etc.
Wu : Déchirure indique qu'il n'est pas avantageux d'avoir une entreprise.
L'Image
Legge : L'image d'une montagne adhérant à la terre forme Désintégration. Les supérieurs renforcent donc leurs inférieurs pour assurer la paix et la stabilité de leur propre position.
Wilhelm/Baynes : La montagne repose sur la terre : l'image de Séparation. Ainsi, ceux d'en haut ne peuvent assurer leur position qu'en donnant généreusement à ceux d'en bas.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise une montagne reposant sur la terre. Les véritables grands répandent la générosité sur ceux qui sont sous eux pour leur permettre de vivre en paix et confort. [Les trigrammes supérieur et inférieur, montagne et Terre, symbolisent l'Homme Supérieur et le peuple sous sa garde.]
Liu : La montagne se dresse sur la terre, symbolisant Décomposition. Ceux d'en haut devraient agir avec bienveillance envers ceux d'en bas. Alors il y aura paix et sécurité.
Ritsema/Karcher : Montagne adjacente à la terre. Dépouillement. Utiliser la munificence au-dessus pour apaiser la position en dessous.
Cleary (1) : Les montagnes sont jointes à la terre. Ceux d'en haut sécurisent leurs foyers par la gentillesse envers ceux d'en bas.
Wu : La montagne est subordonnée à la terre ; c'est Déchirure. Ainsi, ceux d'en haut traitent ceux d'en bas avec des récompenses libérales pour sécuriser leurs propres positions.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge :Désintégration signifie renverser ou être renversé : les lignes magnétiques attaquent la ligne dynamique en haut pour la changer en une d'elles-mêmes. Il est imprudent de se déplacer dans n'importe quelle direction car les éléments inférieurs augmentent maintenant en puissance. L'homme supérieur, observant cela, arrête tout mouvement en avant. Il se conforme à l'exigence du temps, réalisant que l'augmentation et la diminution, la maturité et la décomposition sont des rythmes cycliques.
Legge :Désintégration est le symbole de la chute ou de la cause de la chute, et se réfère au processus de décomposition ou de renversement dans les mondes naturel et politique. La figure se compose de cinq lignes yin en dessous et d'une ligne yang en haut. La décomposition a commencé en bas et s'est propagée vers le haut. L'hexagramme symbolise le neuvième mois lorsque l'été est passé et que l'année est sur le point de tomber dans les bras stériles de l'hiver. Dans le monde politique, les hommes inférieurs ont progressivement remplacé les bons hommes jusqu'à ce qu'il n'en reste qu'un. La leçon pour lui est d'attendre car le pouvoir opérant contre lui est trop fort. Finalement, un changement pour le mieux apparaîtra. L'image spécifique est celle d'un lit et de son occupant, et le symbolisme décrit les tentatives faites pour le renverser. Le trigramme inférieur de Docilité et le trigramme supérieur de Stabilité suggèrent à l'homme supérieur de la ligne six comment il peut mieux gérer les circonstances actuelles. La situation n'est pas désespérée -- l'hiver est suivi du printemps, la nuit par le jour, et la lune décroissante devient bientôt pleine à nouveau. Il en sera de même dans le cours des affaires humaines.
L'idée derrière l'Image est qu'une montagne a la terre pour fondation. Si la terre est épaisse, la montagne préserve sa hauteur. Il en est de même pour le souverain et le peuple.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement :Désintégration signifie ne pas agir.
L'Homme Supérieur stabilise ses réponses et cherche la tranquillité.
Le vingt-troisième hexagramme est l'inverse deRetour, l'hexagramme qui le suit immédiatement. Chaque figure dépeint un pôle opposé dans une progression cyclique. Ici, l'ancien cycle s'est désintégré au point de dissolution. L'hexagramme suivant dépeint leRetour au début d'un nouveau cycle.
Les quatre premières lignes de Désintégration montrent l'érosion progressive d'une position ou d'un cadre de référence, symbolisé par un lit ou un canapé. Les forces inférieures rampent d'en bas comme des termites pour saper une base solide. La cinquième ligne montre un rassemblement de forces pour une transformation potentiellement positive, et la ligne supérieure suggère les premiers stades de cette transformation. L'implication est que les temps de désintégration ne doivent pas toujours être considérés comme négatifs, ou comme une conclusion inévitable. Nous avons encore le choix de modifier les conditions en notre faveur.
Que l'homme supérieur "renforce ses inférieurs" pour assurer la stabilité de sa position, signifie que l'on stabilise sa situation psychologique en désamorçant les causes de rébellion -- sauvegarder la fondation là où elle est faible. L'hexagramme numéro quarante-trois, Résolution, est une image négative de cette figure, et le message dans l'Image est très similaire : "L'homme supérieur ne thésaurise pas sa richesse, mais la partage avec ses subordonnés." L'idée est subtile -- cela ne signifie pas céder à vos faiblesses, mais les surveiller de manière encourageante afin qu'elles puissent se transformer en forces positives.
Chaque fois que nous allons suffisamment en profondeur vers le noyau d'une sous-personnalité, nous découvrons que le noyau -- qui est un besoin ou une envie fondamentale -- est bon. À des fins pratiques, cela peut être considéré comme un absolu. Peu importe combien de couches de distorsion peuvent l'entourer, le besoin fondamental, la motivation fondamentale, est bon -- et s'il devient tordu, c'est parce qu'il n'a pas pu s'exprimer directement. Le vrai noyau -- pas ce que la sous-personnalité veut, mais ce dont elle a besoin -- est bon. Un objectif fondamental de la phase de coordination est de découvrir cette envie ou besoin central, de le rendre conscient, et de trouver des moyens acceptables pour qu'il puisse être satisfait et comblé. Et, à condition que nous ayons suffisamment de compréhension et de compétence, il peut être satisfait -- sinon pleinement, du moins suffisamment pour maintenir le processus de croissance. James Vargiu -- Sous-personnalités