Trouvez la force dans l'humilité pour libérer la liberté des fardeaux passés, transformant les limitations en nouveaux commencements.
From
15
Modestie
To
40
Délivrance
Accuser les transgresseurs
On est prêt à témoigner contre ceux qui ne respectent pas les règles. taoscopy.com
Modestie15
Adoptez l'humilité et l'équilibre ; laissez la modestie guider vos actions pour un progrès harmonieux.
↓ Line 2
Lorsque la modestie s'exprime naturellement, elle conduit à des résultats positifs et à un succès durable.
↓ Line 3
Une personne qui allie modestie et compétence peut accomplir de grandes choses et mener des projets à bien.
↓ Line 4
La modestie dans l'action est toujours bénéfique et conduit au progrès.
↓ Délivrance40
Libération de la tension et des obstacles. Libérez-vous, adaptez-vous et acceptez le changement. Trouvez du soulagement dans une nouvelle clarté.
Other titles: Modesty, The Symbol of Humility, Moderation, Humbling, Respectful/Humble, Yielding/Retiring. 1. Obtaining this hexagram implies that modesty is needed in our attitude, meaning, to allow ourself to be led without resistance. – C.K. Anthony. 2. A Humble or modest person is thought of as having an “empty or unoccupied” mind, meaning a mind without prejudice. – Chung Wu. 3. Only superior people who practice Tao know where to stop, disregard what they have and appear to have nothing. – T. Cleary.
Judgment
Legge:Temperance indicates successful progress. Temperancebrings a good issue to the superior man's undertakings.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty creates success. The superior man carries things through.
Blofeld:Modesty brings success. The Superior Man is able to carry affairs through to completion.
Liu: Modesty: success. The superior man can continue to work to the end.
Ritsema/Karcher: Humbling, Growing. A chun tzu possesses completing. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of the necessity to cut through pride and complication. It emphasizes that keeping your words unpretentious is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Modesty: Receipt; the gentleman has an end.
Cleary (1):Humility is developmental. The superior person has a conclusion.
Cleary (2):Humility gets through. A leader has a conclusion.
Wu:Humility is pervasive. The jun zi will have grace in death.
The Image
Legge: A mountain hidden within the earth -- the image of Temperance. The superior man, in accordance with this, diminishes his excesses to augment his insufficiencies, thus creating a just balance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Within the earth, a mountain: the image of Modesty. Thus the superior man reduces that which is too much, and augments that which is too little. He weighs things and makes them equal.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes a mountain in the centre of the earth. The Superior Man takes from where there is too much in order to augment what is too little. He weighs things and apportions them fairly. [The component trigrams symbolize a mountain surrounded by flat earth, thus suggesting too much in one place and too little in others.]
Liu: The mountain within the earth symbolizes modesty. The superior man reduces the excess and increases the lacking; he weighs and then equalizes all things.
Ritsema/Karcher: Earth center possessing mountain. Humbling. A chun tzu uses reducing the numerous to augment the few. A chun tzu uses evaluating beings to even spreading-out.
Cleary (1): There are mountains in the earth; modesty. Thus does the superior person decrease the abundant and add to the scarce, assessing things and dealing impartially.
Cleary (2): … Leaders assess people and give impartially, by taking from the abundant and adding to the scarce.
Wu: There is a mountain inside earth; this is Humility. Thus the jun zi takes excess from the more to enrich the less and measures goods to ensure fair distribution. [To prepare oneself to accept what is fair among all his fellow men is the essence of humility.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: It is the way of heaven to dispense its blessings downwards, and the way of earth to radiate its influence upwards. Both heaven and earth diminish the full to augment the lowly. Spiritual beings inflict calamity on the proud and bless the meek, and men resent ostentation and love temperance. Temperanceenlightens an honorable office, and neither will men ignore it in lowly positions. Thus does the superior man attain his ends. [Emphasis editor's -- Ritsema/Karcher translate "spiritual beings" [Kuei Shen] as: "The whole range of imaginal beings both inside and outside the individual; spiritual powers, gods, demons, ghosts, powers, fetishes.”]
Legge: An essay on temperance rightly follows that on abundant possessions. The third line, dynamic among five magnetic lines, in the topmost place of the trigram of Keeping Still, is the ruler of the hexagram. He is the representative of Temperance -- strong, but self-effacing. The idea is that temperance is the way to permanent success.
The Confucian commentary deals generally with the subject of temperance, showing how it is valued by heaven and earth, by spirits and by men. The descent of the heavenly influences, and the low position of the earth are both symbolic of temperance. The heavenly influences are seen in the daily fluctuations of the sun and moon, and the fertility of the earth correspondingly waxes and wanes with the seasons.
The Daily Lecture says:"The five yin lines above and below symbolize the earth; the one yang line in the center is the mountain in the midst of the earth. The many yin lines represent men's desires; the one yang line represents the heavenly principle. The superior man, looking at this symbolism, diminishes the multitude of human desires within him, and increases the single shoot of the heavenly principle; so does he become grandly just, and can deal with all things evenly according to the nature of each. In whatever circumstances or place he is, he will do what is right.”
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment:Temperance means maintaining a dynamic/magnetic balance of forces to attain success.
The Superior Man maintains equilibrium in all that he does.
The most common translation of the title for this hexagram is Modesty, but I have chosen Temperance as a title more expressive of the ideas in the Image and Confucian commentary. The words “modesty” and “humility” often carry a connotation of weakness in western usage, and “temperance,” meaning to temper or regulate, is more expressive of the dynamic strength of will required to restrain and modulate the drive to dominate every situation.
The Image shows a mountain hidden beneath the earth--the quiet, invincible power of sheer will is hidden from view, yet it influences everything. Who observing such a level surface would know that the bulk of Mt. Everest was buried beneath it? Temperance means that one's power is hidden, that the fluctuations of heaven and earth are kept in such dynamic/magnetic balance as to be invisible to ordinary vision. The temperate person is strong enough to bear the weight of the world when that is necessary for the Work.
Marcus Aurelius, the Stoic Roman Emperor, was arguably the most powerful man of his time, yet his temperance and modesty showed him to fulfill the ideal of the superior man. Only the truly strong can be truly modest.
And let this truth be present to thee in the excitement of anger, that to be moved by passion is not manly, but that mildness and gentleness, as they are more agreeable to human nature, so also are they more manly; and he who possesses these qualities possesses strength, nerves and courage, and not the man who is subject to fits of passion and discontent. For in the same degree in which a man's mind is nearer to freedom from all passion, in the same degree also is it nearer to strength. Marcus Aurelius
Line 2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows us temperance that has made itself recognized. With firm correctness there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty that comes to expression. Perseverance brings good fortune.
Blofeld: Modestly crows the cock. Righteous persistence brings good fortune.
Liu: Modesty is expressed. Continuing brings good fortune.
Shaughnessy: Calling modesty; determination is auspicious.
Cleary (1): Expressing humility is upright and good.
Cleary (2): Expressing humility is good if correct.
Wu: The subject rolls about humility. With perseverance there will be auspiciousness.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: She has the virtue in the core of her heart. Wilhelm/ Baynes: He has it in the depths of his heart. Blofeld: The cry reaches the depths of our hearts. Ritsema/Karcher: Centering the heart acquiring indeed. Cleary (2): Good if correct in the sense of attainment of the heart. Wu: Because it comes from the heart.
Legge: Line two is magnetic, central, and in her proper place. She represents temperance that has "crowed” -- that is, has proclaimed itself.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Modesty is at the core of the man's being and reveals itself in his outward behavior.
Wing: By maintaining a careful inner Moderation, your outward actions gain influence and weight. You will now be entrusted with responsibilities. A thoroughness in your actions brings good fortune.
Editor: Temperance that "crows” seems to be a contradiction in terms; nevertheless, the image suggests the expression of temperance in one's behavior. A certain sacrifice of autonomy is implied.
The greater you are, the more you should behave humbly, and then you will find favor with the Lord. Ecclesiasticus 3: 19
A. Submit to the requirements of the time.
B. "Modesty is the best policy."
C. Show a little temperance in your behavior, or maintain your temperate attitude.
Line 3
Legge: The third line, dynamic, shows the superior man of acknowledged merit. He will maintain his success to the end, and have good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: A superior man of modesty and merit carries things to conclusion. Good fortune.
Blofeld: The Superior Man, exceedingly hard-working yet modest, brings his affairs to fruition -- good fortune!
Liu: The superior man works in a modest way to conclusion. Good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Toiling Humbling: chun tzu. Possessing completing significant.
Shaughnessy: Toiling modesty; the gentleman has an end; auspicious.
Cleary (1): Working with humility, the superior person has a conclusion. This bodes well.
Cleary (2): Leaders who work and achieve yet are humble have an auspicious conclusion.
Wu: Working hard toward humility, the jun zi will have grace in death. This will be auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The myriads of the people will submit to him. Wilhelm/ Baynes: All the people obey him. Blofeld: The people most willingly submit to him. Ritsema/Karcher: The myriad commoners submitting indeed. Cleary (2): The people submit to leaders who work and achieve yet are humble. Wu: Because he has the support of all the people.
The Master said:"He toils with success, but does not boast of it; he achieves merit, but takes no virtue to himself from it; this is the height of generous goodness, and speaks of the man who with great merit yet places himself below others. He wishes his virtue to be more and more respectful, he who is so modest, carrying his respectfulness to the utmost, will be able to preserve himself in his position.”
Legge: Line three is dynamic, and occupies his proper place. He is the lord of the hexagram, to whom all represented by the lines above and below turn.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man disregards his fame and acknowledged merit but toils on laboriously and unpretentiously. He is supported by all the people in bringing his works to a successful conclusion.
Wing: With an unwavering commitment and hard work, you gain honor and fame. Do not allow such recognition to lead you astray or put you in a compromising position. Maintaining the perseverance that brought you prominence will win you continued support. You can then bring your work to completion.
Editor: The key idea here is the notion of inferior elements submitting to a calmly devoted superior element. The inferior elements acknowledge their superior and willingly submit to him.
Plans for control of the evil forces that have been loosed in the world, attempts to compensate the evil- doing by good works or sympathy for the victims, efforts to safeguard the peace or to effect ideal solutions of all the material problems involved, can do little to change the nature of the situation. The real problem, namely, the question of what can be done for civilization in face of the nonhuman forces arising from the collective unconscious in thousands or rather millions of individual persons, will remain untouched. However, if only one human being has met and solved the problem in himself, he will be a living demonstration of a solution. Such an individual carries with him the germ of a renaissance of the spiritual values of mankind. M.E. Harding -- Psychic Energy
A. The ego fulfills its role by bringing disparate elements (emotions, desires, appetites, etc.) into willing compliance with the goals of the Work.
B. A strong stance inspires obedience.
Line 4
Legge: The fourth line, magnetic, shows one whose action would be in every way advantageous, stirring up the more her temperance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Nothing that would not further modesty in movement.
Blofeld: Everything will be propitious for those who cultivate modesty.
Liu: To act with modesty is beneficial toward everything.
Ritsema/Karcher: Without not Harvesting, demonstrating Humbling.
Shaughnessy: There is nothing not beneficial. False modesty.
Cleary (1): Beneficial to all, extending humility.
Cleary (2): Beneficial to all, the exercise of humility.
Wu: Promoting humility is nothing but advantageous.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: In doing this she does not act contrary to the proper rule. Wilhelm/Baynes: He does not overstep the rule. Blofeld: This involves no departure from what is right. Ritsema/Karcher: Not contradicting by-consequence indeed. Cleary (2): This is the way it is supposed to be. Wu: Because it violates no principle.
Legge: Line four is magnetic and in her proper place. She is sure to be successful and prosperous, but being so near the fifth-line ruler she should still use the greatest precaution. The "proper rule” is the rule proper for her in her circumstances so near the place of the ruler.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man maintains his modesty in the proper perspective. He does not avoid his responsibilities, abuse the ruler's confidence, or conceal the subordinate's merit.
Wing: Once the balance of true Moderation is reached, it must be continually maintained. This does not mean simply maintaining the form of Moderation, but continuing to cultivate equilibrium in your character and a sense of responsibility toward your society.
Editor: An unambiguous image of temperate action.
Modesty and humility are not signs of an inferiority complex. They are highly estimable, indeed admirable virtues and not complexes. They prove that their fortunate possessor is not a presumptuous fool but knows his limitations, and will therefore never stumble beyond the bounds of humanity, dazzled and intoxicated by his imagined greatness. Jung -- Depth Psychology and Self-Knowledge
A. Advance the Work through temperate, well-considered action, without exceeding your authority.
Autres titres : Délivrance, Le Symbole du Relâchement, Libération, Élimination des Obstacles, Démontage, Démêlé, Solution, Dissolution, Soulagement, Délier, Libération de la Tension
Jugement
Legge :Libération trouve un avantage au sud-ouest. Lorsque l'opération est terminée, un retour à la stabilité apporte de la bonne fortune. Si les opérations ne sont pas terminées, il est préférable de les achever rapidement.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Délivrance. Le sud-ouest favorise. S'il n'y a plus rien (Sic) où l'on doit aller, le retour apporte de la bonne fortune. S'il y a encore quelque chose (Sic) où l'on doit aller, se hâter apporte de la bonne fortune.
Blofeld : Libération. L'ouest et le sud sont favorables. Ceux qui n'ont rien à gagner en avançant trouveront de la bonne fortune en revenant en arrière ; ceux qui ont beaucoup à gagner en avançant doivent se hâter pour être sûrs de bien faire. [Ce n'est pas le moment de rester où nous sommes. Si nous n'avons pas de bonne raison d'avancer, il vaut mieux reculer.]
Liu : Libération. Le sud-ouest est bénéfique. S'il n'y a rien pour quelqu'un là où il doit aller, alors revenir apporte de la bonne fortune. S'il y a quelque chose dans un endroit où l'on peut aller, alors y aller rapidement mène à la bonne fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher : Démontage. Récolte : Ouest Sud. Sans endroit où aller : son retour est significatif. Possédant une direction : Aube significative. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de réflexion et de libération de la tension. Il souligne que l'analyse et la compréhension des choses pour être délivré de la contrainte est la manière adéquate de la gérer...]
Shaughnessy : Démêlé : Bénéfique au sud-ouest ; il n'y a nulle part où aller ; son retour est de bon augure ; il y a un endroit où aller passer la nuit ; de bon augure.
Cleary (1) : Pour libération, le sud-ouest est bénéfique. Quand on ne va nulle part, le retour apporte de la bonne fortune ; quand on va quelque part, la promptitude apporte de la bonne fortune.
Cleary (2) : Pour solution, le sud-ouest est bénéfique. Ne pas aller nulle part, revenir est chanceux, etc.
Wu : Soulagement indique un avantage au sud-ouest. S'il entreprend de faire quelque chose sans cause, il sera de bon augure pour lui de revenir à son ancien poste. S'il entreprend de faire quelque chose avec une cause, il sera de bon augure pour lui de le faire tôt.
L'Image
Legge : Libération montre un orage qui clarifie l'atmosphère. L'homme supérieur, en accord avec cela, pardonne les erreurs et traite les crimes avec douceur.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Le tonnerre et la pluie s'installent : l'image de la Délivrance. Ainsi l'homme supérieur pardonne les erreurs et pardonne les méfaits.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise le tonnerre et la pluie apportant la libération. L'Homme Supérieur tend à pardonner les torts et traite les crimes avec indulgence. [Les trigrammes composants suggèrent qu'une certaine quantité d'action énergique est requise.]
Liu : Le tonnerre et la pluie viennent, symbolisant la Libération. L'homme supérieur pardonne les erreurs et pardonne les criminels.
Ritsema/Karcher : Tonnerre, pluie, excitation. Démontage. Un chun tzu utilise le pardon des excès pour pardonner les offenses.
Cleary (1) : Le tonnerre et la pluie agissent, dissolvant. Ainsi les personnes supérieures pardonnent les fautes et pardonnent les crimes.
Cleary (2) : Tonnerre et pluie – solution. Etc.
Wu : Il y a du tonnerre et de la pluie ; c'est le Soulagement. Ainsi le jun zi pardonne les transgresseurs involontaires et atténue (Sic) les délinquants criminels.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge : Libération montre le trigramme du Mouvement au-dessus du trigramme du Danger -- par le mouvement, il y a une échappatoire au péril. Un mouvement précoce vers le sud-ouest gagne l'allégeance des masses et ramène l'état à la normalité et à l'équilibre. Lorsque le ciel et la terre sont libérés de l'emprise de l'hiver, nous avons du tonnerre et de la pluie. Quand ceux-ci viennent, les bourgeons de la végétation fruitière commencent à s'ouvrir. Grands en effet sont les phénomènes au temps de laLibération.
Legge : Le caractère chinois écrit pour Libération est le symbole du dénouement -- défaire un nœud ou démêler une complication. Cet hexagramme dénote une condition dans laquelle l'obstruction et la difficulté de la figure précédente ont été supprimées. La leçon est de savoir comment cet état nouveau et meilleur du royaume doit être traité. S'il ne reste aucune tâche à accomplir, plus tôt les choses reprendront leur cours normal, mieux ce sera. Si d'autres opérations sont nécessaires, qu'elles soient accomplies sans délai. Les éditeurs de K'ang-hsi disent que se déplacer vers le sud et l'ouest est la même chose que revenir à la normalité.
Le tonnerre et la pluie clarifient l'atmosphère, et un sentiment d'oppression est soulagé. Les images du printemps dans le commentaire confucéen se réfèrent à la politique douce d'un souverain conquérant qui pardonne l'opposition de ceux qui cessent de résister.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : Faites ce qui doit être fait de toute évidence et revenez à la stabilité dès que possible.
L'Homme Supérieur pardonne, oublie et ne garde pas de rancune. (c'est-à-dire, la stabilité est plus importante que de blâmer ou de discuter de qui a raison.)
Si le trente-neuvième hexagramme de Impasse est retourné, il devient le quarantième hexagramme de Libération ou Délivrance. Les deux figures représentent des situations opposées : si Impasse crée de la tension, alors Libération la libère. Le trigramme supérieur du Mouvement monte pour échapper au trigramme inférieur du Danger, nous donnant une image sans ambiguïté de liberté et de soulagement.
En dehors de toute personnification, l'ensemble de l'espace dans lequel la vie se trouve a un caractère spirituel malveillant, et les "démons" eux-mêmes sont autant des royaumes spatiaux que des personnes. Les surmonter est la même chose que de les traverser, et en franchissant leurs frontières, ce passage brise en même temps leur pouvoir et réalise la libération de la magie de leur sphère. H. Jonas --La Religion Gnostique
Le commentaire de Legge dans l'hexagramme précédent explique que le "sud-ouest" est la direction de la "terre," la plaine fertile où la vie est naturelle et non contrainte. Confucius nous dit ici qu'un mouvement précoce dans cette direction gagnera l'"allégeance des masses." Interprété psychologiquement, cela se réfère au royaume intérieur de la psyché, où "les masses" sont les pulsions, les émotions et les complexes archétypaux qui composent notre être. Le symbolisme suggère une libération consciente de la tension intérieure.
Ces forces, par conséquent, ne doivent pas être laissées à l'état sauvage, mais devraient être disposées de manière inoffensive ou, mieux encore, utilisées à des fins constructives : activités créatives de divers types ; la reconstruction de notre personnalité, contribuant à notre Psychosynthèse. Roberto Assagioli -- Psychosynthèse