Alimentez votre excitation avec clarté, embrassez les défis avec résilience, et trouvez la force dans l'unité pour gérer gracieusement toute pression qui se présente.
From
16
Enthousiasme
To
28
Masse critique
On s'engage auprès de ses supérieurs à ne pas en parler davantage. taoscopy.com
Enthousiasme16
L'inspiration alimente l'énergie ; alignez l'enthousiasme avec le but pour avancer efficacement.
↓ Line 2
La fermeté et la patience sont nécessaires. En tenant bon, le succès viendra en temps voulu.
↓ Line 3
Dépasser les limites ou hésiter peut mener au regret. Il est important de trouver un équilibre et d'agir avec confiance.
↓ Line 5
Malgré les défis et les difficultés, la persévérance mènera à la survie et au succès éventuel.
↓ Masse critique28
Adoptez la résilience en période de pression écrasante. Reconnaissez le fardeau, apportez les ajustements nécessaires et cherchez du soutien pour éviter l'effondrement. L'équilibre est crucial pour un succès durable.
Other titles: The Symbol of Harmonious Joy, Repose, Happiness, Providing-for/Provision, Excess, Merriment, Self-confidence, Contentment, Harmonize, Excitement, Intemperance, Self-deception "Repose in the absolute confidence that the action now being taken is right. Also refers to music." -- D.F. Hook
Judgment
Legge: Enthusiasm indicates that feudal princes may be set up and the army advantageously mobilized.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm. It furthers one to install helpers and to set armies marching.
Blofeld:Repose profits those engaged in building up the country and sending forth armies. [This means that perfect certainty as to the rightness of our cause is of great value under the conditions mentioned. The usual meaning of this character is "beforehand" or "happiness." In the English translation of Wilhelm's version, it appears as "enthusiasm." "Repose" was suggested by the Chinese experts who kindly vetted this manuscript. At first I felt hesitant about adopting it, until I realized that, where it is used favorably, it must be understood as the kind of mental repose which follows absolute confidence that the action now being taken is the right one. In lines one, three and six, however, it clearly means failure to act when action is essential; in line five, failure to act owing to incapacity.]
Liu:Happiness. It is of benefit to build up the country (or business), and send the army forth. [Receivers of this hexagram should be wary of exhibiting excessive enthusiasm when beginning a new undertaking. If they are not, there will be misfortune. The hexagram also advises that everything necessary for advancement should be made ready. Then if an opportunity presents itself, it should be seized immediately, without hesitation.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Providing-for , Harvesting: installing feudatories to move legions. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of what is needed to meet the future. It emphasizes that accumulating strength through foresight and prudence so things can be fully enjoyed is the adequate way to handle it. To be in accord with the time, you are told to: provide-for!]
Shaughnessy: Excess: Beneficial to establish a lord and to move troops.
Cleary (1):Joy. It is advantageous to set up a ruler and mobilize the army.
Wu:Merriment indicates the advantage of establishing principalities and taking military actions.
The Image
Legge: Thunder exploding out of the Earth -- the image of Enthusiasm. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, composed their music and honored virtue, offering it especially to God when they worshipped him at the service of their ancestors.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Thunder comes resounding out of the earth: the image of Enthusiasm. Thus the ancient kings made music in order to honor merit, and offered it with splendor to the Supreme Deity, inviting their ancestors to be present.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes thunder over the earth. The ancient rulers venerated heaven's gifts with solemn music and they sacrificed abundantly to the Supreme Lord of Heaven in order to be worthy of their ancestors.
Liu: Thunder arising from the earth symbolizes Happiness. The ancient kings composed music to honor virtue, offering it to God and the spirits of their ancestors.
Ritsema/Karcher: Thunder issuing-forth-from earth impetuously. Providing-for. The Earlier Kings used arousing delight to extol actualizing-tao. Exalting worship's Supreme Above. Using equalizing the grandfather predecessors. [Actualize-tao:ability to follow the course traced by the ongoing process of the cosmos... Linked with acquire, TE: acquiring that which makes a being become what it is meant to be.]
Cleary (1): When thunder emerges the earth stirs: Thus did the kings of yore make music to honor virtue, offering it in abundance to God, thereby to share it with their ancestors.
Wu: Thunder breaks out above the earth with a boom; this is Merriment. Thus the ancient kings used music to praise virtuous accomplishments and made grand offerings to the Supreme Being to be accompanied by their ancestors.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Enthusiasm shows one dynamic line inspiring responsive obedience in all the others: devoted obedience takes action. Such obedient action conforms to natural law and creates order and discipline in the people. The planets and the seasons follow their natural cycles. The sages similarly obey the laws of their nature and the people acknowledge their regulations and punishments as just.
Legge:Enthusiasm shows harmony and contentment throughout the kingdom -- a time when the people rejoice in their sovereign and readily obey him. At such a time his appointments and any military undertakings would be hailed and supported. Because he is close to the fifth place of dignity, the dynamic fourth line is seen as the chief executive officer of the ruler. The ruler has confidence in him, and all of the magnetic lines yield their obedience. Obedience is the attribute of the lower trigram which here takes the initiative and uses Movement, which is the attribute of the upper trigram.
The symbolism of the Image is more obscure than usual. The use of music at sacrifices is supposed to assist in producing the union between God and his worshippers as well as the present and past generations.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment: Delegate authority and gather your forces.
The Superior Man synchronizes his will with the intent of the Self via the principles of the Work.
Enthusiasm is the reverse of the preceding hexagram of Temperance. In Temperance we saw the calm strength of a mountain concealed within the earth. In Enthusiasm we see thunder exploding out of the ground into the sky: the strength that was formerly tempered and restrained is now released. It is significant to note that while every line of Temperance is more or less "favorable,” every line of Enthusiasm is either negative or cautionary -- even the generally positive fourth line carries a hint of warning about “doubt.”
Negatively, Self-Deception (the passion of True Believers) seems to be what this hexagram is portraying. The figure often suggests a callow or deluded buoyancy -- the kind of outlook associated with romantic idealists. In its most negative aspect, Enthusiasm is Intemperance -- the exact opposite of the moderation and restraint shown in the preceding hexagram. The behavior of an untrained Great Dane puppy suddenly bursting into a formal dinner party could be described as "enthusiasm,” but hardly a desirable form thereof. The lower trigram of Obedient Devotion has suddenly employed the action and energy of the upper trigram of Thunderous Shock to express itself. This is inconsistent with the code of the superior man.
Conversely, in its most positive sense, Enthusiasm suggests the surety of total self-confidence. Blofeld translates this as Repose, explaining that the name was suggested to him by his Chinese advisors. We begin to understand this subtle distinction when we compare the seemingly obscure connection with music in the Image with a passage from Chuang- tse:
He who understands the music of heaven lives in accordance with nature in his life and takes part in the process of change of things in his death. In repose, his character is in harmony with the yin principle; in activity, his movement is in harmony with the yang principle. Therefore he who understands the music of heaven is not blamed by heaven or criticized by men ... It is said, "In action he is like heaven. In repose he is like the earth ... Because his mind has found repose, therefore the creation pays homage to him.”
To understand “the music of heaven” is to attain Repose, which is another way of describing the tranquility that comes with furthering the intent of the Self. The only dynamic line in the hexagram is in the minister's place just below the fifth-line ruler. He has the confidence of his sovereign and his actions therefore accord with heaven. We can turn to the Stoics to find an illustration of this idea:
My will is simply that which comes to pass. For I esteem what God wills better than what I will. To Him will I cleave as His minister and attendant; having the same movements, the same desires, in a word the same will as He. -- Epictetus
Thus we see that the hexagram can describe either one of two opposite conditions -- the intemperate Enthusiasm of ego-confidence (a synonym for Self-Deception), or the calm Repose of true SELF-confidence. The fifteenth and sixteenth hexagrams, each the inverse of the other, represent magnetic and dynamic aspects of the same general idea: Enthusiasm, when it emanates from the Self, is just Temperance in action.
Line 2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows one who is firm as a rock. She sees a thing without waiting till it has come to pass; with her firm correctness there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Firm as a rock. Not a whole day. Perseverance brings good fortune.
Blofeld: Unmoved as a rock; before the end of day, righteous persistence will bring good fortune. [Unmoved as a rock because of the repose which results from absolute confidence in a decision already taken.]
Liu: Firm and stable like a rock. Do not wait a whole day. Continuing brings good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Chain-mail tending-towards petrification: Not completing the day. Trial: significant.
Shaughnessy: Scratched on a rock; not to the end of the day; determination is auspicious.
Cleary (1): Firm as a rock, not procrastinating, rectitude is good.
Wu: He is upright like a rock. In less time than the passing of the day, he discriminates the good from the bad. To be persevering is auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: This is shown by the central and correct position of the line. Wilhelm/Baynes: Because it is central and correct. Blofeld: This is indicated by the suitable position of this line which is central to the lower trigram. Ritsema/Karcher: Using centering correcting indeed. Cleary (2):
It is balanced in the right way. Wu: Because he is central and correct.
The Master said:"Does not he who knows the inception of things possess spirit-like wisdom? The superior man, in his intercourse with the high, uses no flattery, and, in his intercourse with the low, no coarse freedom: does not this show that he knows the inception of things? Those beginnings are the slight stirrings of movement, and the earliest indications of good fortune or ill. The superior man sees them, and acts accordingly without waiting for the delay of a single day. As is said in the I Ching, `He is firm as a rock, and acts without waiting for the delay of a single day. With firm goodness there will be good fortune.' Firm as a rock, how should he have to wait a single day to ensure his knowing those beginnings and his course? The superior man knows the minute and the manifested; he knows what is weak, and what is strong: he is a model to ten-thousand."
Legge: The magnetic second line is in her correct central position in the lower trigram. Quietly and firmly she is able to abide in her place and exercise a far-seeing discrimination. All is indicative of good fortune.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is quiet, but firm as a rock, yet sensitive to the first imperceptible signs of impending changes. He does not delay in taking action.
Wing: To be able to recognize the early signs of a change in fortune is a tremendous gift. While others may be swept away by compelling rhythms and fads, you adhere firmly to the underlying principles of your nature and react appropriately to the demands of the time. Such is the behavior of leaders.
Editor: All translations except Legge and Cleary's render the second sentence in the imagery of "not waiting for a whole day to pass,” which suggests action taken on the basis of foresight, premonition or intuition. This line is sometimes an injunction to follow your common sense -- saying in effect, that an oracle is unnecessary to proclaim the obvious.
You don't need a weatherman to know
which way the wind blows.
-- Bob Dylan
A. Proper discrimination knows when to act, and when to refrain from action.
B. Your own intuition already knows the answer to your query.
Line 3
Legge: The third line, magnetic, shows one looking up for favors, while she indulges the feeling of pleasure and satisfaction. If she would understand! If she be late in doing so, there will indeed be occasion for repentance.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm that looks upward creates remorse.
Shaughnessy: A bowl's excess; regret; being slow there is regret.
Cleary (1): Looking up to joy, if repentance is tardy, there will be regret.
Cleary (2): Looking up in joy, repent. If too late, there is regret.
Wu: Gazing at merriment will bring regret. Loitering about will bring regret.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: This is intimated by the position not being the appropriate one. Wilhelm/Baynes: The place is not the appropriate one. Blofeld: This is indicated by the line's unsuitable position. Ritsema/ Karcher: Situation not appropriate indeed. Cleary (2): Wu: Because his position is improper.
Legge: Line three is magnetic in a dynamic place. She looks upward and depends upon the ruling line above while she does nothing herself but indulge in pleasure. Unless she changes her attitude, the auspice is bad.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man looks upward for favors and continues his dependency upon others. He indulges in visions of pleasure and affluence. Unless he changes immediately, he will be sorry.
Wing: You have waited complacently for a cue from someone else to motivate you. Whatever the reasons for your hesitation, whether it is idle pleasure in the present or simply inertia, you are losing your independence and self-reliance. You can still save yourself. Move.
Editor: This line is magnetic when the times call for dynamic action, giving us an image of indolent dependency. Without doing anything, she wants to "have her cake and eat it too.” Sometimes one receives this line when in a state of despair: feeling as if abandoned to one's fate by an incomprehensible cosmos. The idea is that fate isn't going to make the transition for you: you must do it yourself.
To those who are self-conceited and vain of their imaginary knowledge of exterior things, having no real wisdom, nothing can be shown, because the perverted action of their own minds opposes the harmonious action of the Universal Mind and repulses it. The spheres of their souls become narrow and contracted, and cannot expand towards the whole. They rest self-satisfied, buried in the shadow of their own ignorance, and are inaccessible to the light of Nature. Paracelsus -- Philosophia Sagax
A. Stop indulging yourself and do what you know to be correct in the matter at hand.
B. Your confidence is misplaced.
C. The image suggests weakness and dependency.
Line 5
Legge: The fifth line, magnetic, shows one with a chronic complaint, but who lives on without dying.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Persistently ill, and still does not die.
Blofeld: Illness is presaged, but it will not last long or cause death.
Liu: Long illness, but still living.
Ritsema/Karcher: Trial: affliction. Persevering, not dying.
Shaughnessy: Determination is illness; if constant you will not die.
Cleary (1): There is a persistent illness, but one never dies.
Cleary (2): Chaste in illness, one never dies.
Wu: It is like having a persistent illness, but not fatal.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: She is mounted on a dynamic line in the central position, and her memories of the past have not yet perished. Wilhelm/Baynes: It rests upon a hard line. That it nevertheless does not die is due to the fact that the middle has not yet been passed. Blofeld: Illness is indicated because this yielding line comes immediately above a firm one. Recovery rather than death is to be expected because this line is, nevertheless, central to the upper trigram. Ritsema/Karcher: Trial: affliction. Riding a solid indeed. Persevering, not dying. Center not-yet extinguished indeed. Cleary (2): Being chaste in illness means riding on firmness. Never dying means not losing balance. Wu: Because its position remains central.
Legge: Line five is magnetic in the place of a dynamic ruler, and in danger of being carried away by the lust of enthusiasm. Her proximity to the powerful influence below is a source of danger. Hence she is represented as suffering from a chronic complaint.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is continually complaining. Yet the very struggling against the daily troubles constitutes his immediate incentive for living.
Wing: Total harmony is obstructed and impossible. Yet the very awareness of this will keep you from sinking again into chaos and eventual defeat.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Here enthusiasm is obstructed. A man is under constant pressure, which prevents him from breathing freely. However, this pressure has its advantage – it prevents him from consuming his powers in empty enthusiasm. Thus constant pressure can actually serve to keep one alive.
Anthony: The situation is difficult and uncomfortable. We are still under the influence of striving to achieve results or hedging to prevent them. However, our discomfort is useful in causing us to seek out these attitudes which block our progress.
Editor: At its most neutral, the image suggests a chronic condition currently not amenable to being cured. Sometimes this feels like ironic irritation: the oracle seems to be asking: "When are you ever going to learn?” The ego is clinging to outmoded ways (the "memories" mentioned in Legge's Confucian commentary), and is yet unable to fully comprehend the demands of the Work. If this is the only changing line, the hexagram becomes #45, Gathering Together, with a corresponding line hinting that the source of our illness may be less-than-pristine dedication. Cleary (2): “Gathering around the position, there is no blame. If those who are not loyal remain ever-faithful to their original commitment, regret vanishes.”
Better is one’s own dharma, though imperfectly performed, than the dharma of another well performed. Bhagavad Gita
A. A chronic problem remains unresolved.
B. Nobody’s perfect: do the best you can with what you have.
Autres titres : Prépondérance du Grand, Le Symbole du Grand Passage, Excès, Grand Excès, Le Passage de la Grandeur, Grand Dépassement, Grands Gains, Expérience, Plus Grand que Grand, Grandeur en Excès, Domination par le Puissant, Le Passage de la Grandeur, Excès du Grand, Loi du Karma
Jugement
Legge :La Masse Critique dépeint une poutre faible. Dans de telles conditions, il est avantageux de se déplacer dans n'importe quelle direction. Le succès est indiqué.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Prépondérance du Grand. La poutre faîtière s'affaisse jusqu'au point de rupture. Il est bénéfique d'avoir un endroit où aller. Succès.
Blofeld :Excès ! La poutre faîtière s'affaisse. Il est favorable d'avoir un but (ou une destination) en vue. Succès ! [Un coup d'œil à l'hexagramme montrera qu'il est trop lourd au milieu et trop faible aux extrémités. Un certain nombre de lignes fermes est généralement de bon augure, mais il peut y avoir trop de bonnes choses !]
Liu : Grand Excès. La poutre faîtière est tordue. Il est bénéfique d'aller n'importe où. Succès.
Ritsema/Karcher :Grand Dépassement, la poutre faîtière s'affaisse. Récolter ; posséder une direction. Croissance. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de votre connexion à un principe directeur. Il souligne que pousser l'idée directrice au-delà des limites ordinaires et accepter les résultats est la manière adéquate de la gérer...]
Shaughnessy : Grand Surpassement : La poutre faîtière se courbe vers le haut ; bénéfique d'avoir un endroit où aller ; réception.
Cleary (1) : Quand le grand est excessif, la poutre faîtière se plie. Il est bon d'aller quelque part ; cela est développemental. [Quand la poutre faîtière casse, toute la maison s'effondre. De la même manière, les pratiquants du Tao qui promeuvent trop le yang, qui ne savent pas quand il y en a assez, qui peuvent être grands mais ne peuvent être petits, subissent des dommages à leur maison spirituelle.]
Cleary (2) : Quand la grandeur passe, la poutre faîtière se plie. Il est bénéfique d'avoir un endroit où aller, car vous réussirez.
Wu :Excès du Grand indique une poutre qui se déforme. Il sera avantageux d'avoir des entreprises. Cela sera pervasif.
L'Image
Legge : L'image des arbres sous une marée forme La Masse Critique. L'homme supérieur, en accord avec cela, se tient seul sans crainte, et reste retiré du monde sans regret.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Le lac s'élève au-dessus des arbres : l'image de la Prépondérance du Grand. Ainsi l'homme supérieur, quand il se tient seul, est indifférent, et s'il doit renoncer au monde, il est intrépide.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise une forêt submergée dans une grande masse d'eau. L'Homme Supérieur, bien que seul, est libre de toute peur ; il ne ressent aucun mécontentement à se retirer du monde. [Ceci est suggéré par les trigrammes composants. L'eau est nécessaire pour nourrir les arbres, mais trop d'eau peut causer de sérieux dommages.]
Liu : Le lac s'élevant au-dessus des arbres symbolise le Grand Excès. L'homme supérieur, lorsqu'il est isolé, est imperturbable. S'il doit se retirer de la société, il ne ressent aucun regret.
Ritsema/Karcher : Marais submergeant le bois. Grand Dépassement. Un chun tzu utilise l'établissement solitaire pour ne pas craindre. (Un chun tzu utilise) le retrait de l'âge sans mélancolie.
Cleary (1) : L'humidité détruit le bois en excès. Ainsi les personnes supérieures se tiennent seules sans peur, et quittent la société sans détresse.
Cleary (2) : L'humidité détruit le bois. Les personnes développées, etc. [Seulement lorsqu'elles sont soutenues par le pouvoir de se tenir seules sans peur et d'éviter la société sans détresse, l'apprentissage peut être fermement enraciné et le développement avoir une base appropriée ; alors il est possible de raffiner et de soutenir le médiocre.]
Wu : Le marais recouvre le bois ; C'est l'Excès du Grand. Ainsi le jun zi se tient seul sans peur et se retire du monde sans mélancolie.
COMMENTAIRE CONFUCIANISTE
Confucius/Legge : L'excès est faiblement soutenu à chaque extrémité, avec une faiblesse dans les lignes les plus basses et les plus hautes. Les lignes dynamiques sont en excès, mais deux d'entre elles sont dans les positions centrales. Les trigrammes de Flexibilité et de Satisfaction indiquent qu'il y aura un avantage à se déplacer dans n'importe quelle direction -- il y aura du succès. Grand en effet est le travail à accomplir pendant cette période extraordinaire.
Legge : Les temps extraordinaires nécessitent une compétence extraordinaire dans leur gestion. La figure montre deux lignes magnétiques en haut et en bas, avec quatre lignes dynamiques entre elles -- donnant l'image d'une grande poutre incapable de soutenir son propre poids. Les lignes deux et cinq sont à la fois dynamiques et centrales cependant, et de cela et des attributs des trigrammes composants, un bon présage est obtenu.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : Une situation stressante est mieux gérée avec une stratégie globale. (Ou : dans le jeu d'échecs de la vie, on réussit en planifiant plusieurs coups à l'avance.)
L'Homme Supérieur sert Le Travail en suivant sa propre voie, indépendamment de l'opinion publique.
Wilhelm intitule cet hexagramme Prépondérance du Grand. Je préfère la paraphrase de R.L. Wing de Masse Critique comme plus évocatrice du sens de la figure en terminologie moderne.
Dans Masse Critique quatre lignes dynamiques se cachent à l'intérieur de l'hexagramme, faiblement contenues en haut et en bas par deux lignes magnétiques. Cette concentration énergétique pourrait exploser dans une libération imprévisible de force, et donc le Jugement nous dit de bouger maintenant (rappelez-vous : l'inaction est aussi une action) pour éviter des conséquences indésirables. (Souvent, le résultat est prévisible – soyez prêt à simplement partir si et quand c'est votre meilleur coup.)
La traduction de Legge du Jugement est :
"...Il est avantageux de se déplacer dans n'importe quelle direction."
C'est un message différent de celui de Wilhelm :
"...Il est bénéfique d'avoir un endroit où aller."
La version de Legge implique une fuite presque hystérique du danger tandis que la version de Wilhelm suggère une intention et une planification préalables. La dernière interprétation est définitivement ce qui est signifié ici, comme confirmé par le commentaire bouddhiste de Cleary :
Lorsque le chemin transformateur est florissant, les contaminations surgissent facilement ; il est préférable de mettre en place des lignes directrices et des règlements. Lorsque le travail de méditation est avancé, l'ignorance est sur le point de se dissoudre ; il est préférable d'exercer l'esprit habilement.
Couplé avec la traduction de Cleary de l'Image comme : “Les personnes développées se tiennent seules sans peur, évitent la société sans détresse,” l'idée est que l'on devrait suivre sa meilleure intuition et ignorer les illusions populaires, la correction politique ou les peurs intérieures. (Psychologiquement : pensée conventionnelle, réflexes socialement conditionnés, réponses automatiques, etc.). Pendant une période de Masse Critique, prêtez une attention particulière à la direction du Soi pour préserver le Travail. Ce n'est pas le moment de suivre la foule. Parfois, cela peut signifier que vous êtes obligé de le faire seul – l'un des tests fréquents du Travail (Cf. ligne 6) :
Le Gouffre est quelque chose qui doit être franchi, et franchi seul, dépouillé de tous les fardeaux gênants, dans la foi ... C'est donc l'un des points de crise du progrès spirituel en raison de la grande tentation de revenir de l'inconnu à la sécurité apparente des choses connues, et succomber à cette tentation, c'est perdre tous les fruits des efforts passés. G. Knight -- Un Guide Pratique du Symbolisme Kabbalistique
SUGGESTIONS POUR LA MÉDITATION
Comparez le Jugement et l'Image de cet hexagramme avec ceux de l'hexagramme numéro 32, Consistance.
Anthony : Nous devons retrouver la modestie par l'effort de nous débarrasser des éléments forts qui nous poussent à avancer. Les éléments forts peuvent exister chez quelqu'un d'autre, les amenant à nous assaillir avec leur peur, leur méfiance ou leur doute. Fort se réfère à un mouvement impétueux pour résoudre ce qui est ambigu … Nous pouvons relever le défi en restant détachés et en laissant les choses suivre leurs changements … Être vraiment riche, c'est rester modeste ; être vraiment puissant, c'est rester réservé.