Laissez aller les soucis passés pour débloquer de nouvelles libertés; débarrassez-vous de l'ancien et regardez de nouvelles possibilités se déployer.
From
18
Réparation
To
40
Délivrance
Justifier son manque d'engagement
On explique aux autres les raisons de son désaccord. taoscopy.com
Réparation18
Aborder les problèmes ; réparer ce qui a été négligé. Assumer la responsabilité de restaurer et d'améliorer.
↓ Line 3
Assumer la responsabilité des erreurs passées entraîne de petits regrets mais évite de grandes fautes.
↓ Line 4
Ignorer les erreurs passées conduit à l'embarras et à d'autres problèmes.
↓ Line 6
Viser des idéaux plus élevés plutôt que de chercher l'approbation des figures d'autorité.
↓ Délivrance40
Libération de la tension et des obstacles. Libérez-vous, adaptez-vous et acceptez le changement. Trouvez du soulagement dans une nouvelle clarté.
Other titles: Work On What Has Been Spoiled, The Symbol of Destruction, Decay, Arresting of Decay, Work after Spoiling, Fixing, Rectifying, Corrupting, Branch, Degeneration, Misdeeds "Can refer to heredity and psychological traits.” -- D. F. Hook
Judgment
Legge: Successful progress is indicated for those who properly repair what has been spoiled. It is advantageous to cross the great stream. One should consider carefully the events three days before the turning point and the tasks remaining for three days afterward.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Work On What Has Been Spoiled has supreme success. It furthers one to cross the great water. Before the starting point, three days. After the starting point, three days.
Blofeld:Decay augurs sublime success and the advantage of crossing the great river (or sea). [I.e. of going on a journey or of going forward with one's plans.] What has happened once will surely happen again (literally, "three days before the commencement; three days after the commencement"). [It would have been hard to make sense of these words, were it not that the Confucian Commentary on the Text clearly explains them; hence the liberty I have taken with the Text.]
Liu: Work after spoiling. Great success. It is of benefit to cross the great water. Before starting, three days. After starting, three days. [This hexagram implies that, although conditions are bad now, improvement can be expected.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Corrupting, Spring Growing. Harvesting: wading the Great River. Before seedburst three days, after seedburst three days. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of disorder, perversion and putrefaction. It emphasizes that letting things rot away so they become obsolete is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Branch: Prime auspiciousness; receipt. Beneficial to ford the great river; preceding jia by three days, following jia by three days.
Cleary (1): Correcting degeneration is greatly developmental. It is beneficial to cross great rivers. Three days before the start, three days after the start. [The way to correct degeneracy is not in empty tranquility without action; it is necessary to work in the midst of great danger and difficulty, to act in the dragon’s pool and the tiger’s lair. Only then can one restore one’s original being, cultivating it into something indestructible.]
Cleary (2): From degeneration comes great development, etc.
Wu: Misdeeds is great and pervasive. It will be advantageous to cross the big river. It would be advisable to begin an undertaking three days before Jia and examine the ongoing progress three days thereafter.
The Image
Legge: The image of wind below the mountain forms Repair. The superior man, in accordance with this, stimulates the virtue of the people.
Wilhelm/Baynes: The wind blows low on the mountain: the image of Decay. Thus the superior man stirs up the people and strengthens their spirit.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes wind blowing at the foot of a mountain. The Superior Man, by stimulating people's hearts, nourishes their virtue.
Liu: Wind blowing around the foot of the mountain symbolizes Work after Spoiling. The superior man encourages people to cultivate virtue.
Ritsema/Karcher: Below mountain possessing wind. Corrupting. A chun tzu uses rousing the commoners to nurture actualizing-tao. [Actualize-tao: ...ability to follow the course traced by the ongoing process of the cosmos... Linked with acquire, TE: acquiring that which makes a being become what it is meant to be.]
Cleary (1): There is wind in the mountains; degeneration. Thus superior people rouse the people and nurture virtue.
Cleary (2): … Leaders thus arouse the people to nurture virtue.
Wu: There is wind at the foot of the mountain; this is Misdeeds. Thus the jun zi arouses the people and nurtures his own virtue.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The dynamic trigram is above, and the magnetic trigram is below. Pliancy is below, and Stopping above: these suggest troubled conditions verging on ruin. But Repair brings order to all under heaven, and he who advances will encounter the business to be done. The end of confusion is the beginning of order; such is the procedure of heaven.
Legge: Repair means the performance of painful but necessary duties. It shows a situation in which things are going to ruin, as if through poison or venomous worms. In order to justify the auspice of progress and success, the duty of the figure is to rectify this and restore conditions to health. This will require a major effort, such as crossing the great stream, and the careful differentiation of the causes of the problem, as well as the measures taken to fix it. The attribute of the lower trigram is Pliancy, and the upper represents Stoppage or Arrest. Hence, the feeble pliancy of decadence is stopped cold by the immovable mountain. The three days before and after the turning point symbolize the careful attention and differentiation necessary for any rectification to succeed.
On the Image, Ch'eng-tzu says: "When the wind encounters the mountain, it is driven back, and the things about are all scattered in disorder; such is the emblem of the state denoted by Repair." The nourishing of virtue appears especially in line six -- all the other lines belong to the helping of the people.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment:Repair means to set your house in order. Analyze your choices before the renovation and evaluate their consequences afterward.
The Superior Man orders his thoughts and feelings, reforms old attitudes, and strengthens his will. (Psychologically, to "stimulate the virtue of the people" (Legge) is to rectify the components of a complex.)
To imagine any truly objective state of perception we must include all that exists: the entire cosmos. Each differentiation of this, from atom to galaxy, is one slice out of an infinite whole. As a portion of the entirety, we are always linked with our ancestors in an infinite web of relationships which includes our family history, our racial-cultural-historical heritage and Homo sapiens as a species. Though seldom aware of them, it is useful to remember these links. Emanating from an unfathomable complexity, their karmically-charged morphogenetic fields are constantly shaping our lives. It follows that, although we perceive ourselves as separate from our ancestors, the separation is a subjective experience which is true only in a temporally limited sense.
Every line of Repair, except two and six, shows a son dealing with the troubles caused by his father. This reminds us of the biblical curse:
For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me. Exodus 20: 5
The father archetype has a wide range of meanings: this extends from the Primal Spirit ("God the Father"), to a prior cause or intent in the psyche which has engendered a present condition. Psychologically interpreted, it is this latter reading which usually applies. If a "father" symbolizes the cause, then a "son" is the effect. If the effect is imperfect, then to rectify it is also to rectify the original intent.
To a large extent our lives consist of well-intentioned but misguided choices which create less than perfect consequences. To modify our attitude or behavior so that it corrects errors in our original intent is to "deal with the troubles caused by the father."
For example: In a misconceived expression of affection, a parent allows his child unrestricted access to candy. As a consequence of this choice, the kid's teeth become rotten, and the only logical way to correct the original error is to now curtail his intake of sugar. The fact that this new choice will create stress in the relationship between parent and child is just a consequence of the original choice and has no bearing at all on what is correct in the situation.
In some situations this hexagram may be interpreted as a response to a karmic chain of cause and effect:
To harmonize with the Wisdom Teachings, the scripture should read that the karma of the "father" is visited upon the "child" unto the fourth incarnation, not generation. The mistakes you made in the last four incarnations may be visited upon you in the form of karma flowing out of the heart seed atom in the present incarnation. Thus what you "fathered," or created, in your last incarnation may be the source ("parent") of your karma today. You are a child of that parent today. You have inherited from that parent -- the you of the past, not your physical parents -- all of your characteristics, weaknesses and strengths. Earlyne Chaney -- The Mystery of Death and Dying
The interpretation of any oracle response can only be as profound as our minds are prepared to accept. As moderns we find it difficult to empathize with "ancestor worship," yet properly understood, it can provide useful insights into the Work. In the unconscious realm all time is immediate, not sequential, and the Objective Psyche consists of a non- temporal web of forces shading from personal to universal. This means that if we have a complex engendered in us by our father, for example, we can reasonably assume that he was passing on what he received from his own parents. In this way, the unresolved complexes of the ancestors shape our own personalities: they live in and through us right now, even if they had their birth in forefathers long forgotten. This is a kind of near-immortality: individuals may die, but beliefs, attitudes, complexes live as long as they have receptive vessels to inhabit. (This is probably the engine of karma.) To the extent that an ancestral chain of causality still motivates our choices, we are totally responsible for "setting right what has been spoiled by the father."
SUGGESTIONS FOR MEDITATION
Most people have some level of unfinished business with their parents: psychologists would have little to do if this weren't true. It can be a healing ritual to set up an altar to a deceased parent and meditate there on the stresses that still remain between you. To approach the situation without judgment, to realize (non-logically) that forces pre-existing you provoked the condition as much as your parent did, will elicit much insight. Be especially aware of the presence of the past and the illusion of linear time. (Is it possible somehow to be your own great-grandfather?) Ancestor “worship” of this sort can be profoundly therapeutic.
Line 3
Legge: The third line, dynamic, shows a son dealing with the troubles caused by his father. There may be some small occasion for repentance, but there will not be any great error.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Setting right what has been spoiled by the father. There will be a little remorse. No great blame.
Blofeld: Making ourselves responsible for the mistakes of our fathers may involve some regret but not much blame.
Liu: In correcting the mistakes of the father, there is slight remorse. No great blame.
Ritsema/Karcher: Managing the father's Corrupting. The small possesses repenting. Without the great: fault.
Shaughnessy: The stem father's branch; there is a little regret; there is no great trouble.
Cleary (1): Correcting the degeneracy of the father, there is a little regret but not much blame.
Wu: He attends to the affairs of his father. There will be small regrets, but no big error.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: In the end there will be no error. Wilhelm/Baynes: In the end there is no blame. Blofeld: In the end we shall be free from blame. Ritsema/Karcher: Completing without fault indeed. Cleary (2): In the end there is no blame. Wu: He will be blameless in the end.
Legge: Line three is dynamic, but not central, so that he might well go to excess in his efforts. But this tendency is counteracted by his place in the trigram of Humble Submission. (Pliancy.)
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man proceeds too energetically in correcting past errors. This results in some discord and distress. But a trifle too much energy is preferable to a trifle too little, and no great blame will ensue.
Wing: You are anxious to rectify the mistakes of the past and move vigorously into the future. Your actions may be hasty and you will be judged inconsiderate by others, but in the end you will not suffer for it.
Editor: The image suggests the normal rectification of an error.
Anyone who has ever been through such a psychic experience knows what an immense relief this can be, how much more bearable, for example, it is for a son to conceive the son-father problem no longer on the plane of individual guilt -- in relation, for example, to his own desire for his father's death, his aggressions and desires for revenge -- but as a problem of deliverance from the father, i.e., from a dominant principle of consciousness, that is no longer adequate for the son: a problem that concerns all men and has been disclosed in the myths and fairy tales as the slaying of the reigning old king and the son's accession to his throne. J. Jacobi -- Complex, Archetype, Symbol
A. Image of an easily rectified mistake.
Line 4
Legge: The fourth line, magnetic, shows a son viewing indulgently the troubles caused by his father. If he goes forward, he will find cause to regret it.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Tolerating what has been spoiled by the father. In continuing one sees humiliation.
Blofeld: Tolerating the mistakes of our fathers would occasion us regret in the course of time.
Liu: Continuing to tolerate the mistakes of the father brings humiliation.
Ritsema/Karcher: Enriching the father's Corrupting. Going: visualizing abashment.
Shaughnessy: The bathed father's branch; going to see is distressful.
Cleary (1): Forgiving the degeneration of the father; if one goes on, there will be shame.
Cleary (2): Indulging the degeneration of the father, if you go on you will experience shame.
Wu: He shows compassion in the affairs of his father. If he attends to them, he will make error.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: If he advances he will not succeed. Wilhelm/Baynes: He goes, but as yet finds nothing. Blofeld: In that case, we should fail to rectify them. Ritsema/Karcher: Going: not-yet acquiring indeed. Cleary (2): If you go on you will not attain anything. Wu: He will have nothing to gain by attending to them.
Legge: Line four is magnetic in a magnetic place, which intensifies passivity. Hence the caution about going forward.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Indulgence of decay leads to regret.
Wing: The situation has been less than harmonious for quite some time, yet this condition of discord has been tolerated. Under these circumstances things will continue to degenerate.
Editor: Line four doesn't lend itself to the usual gender symbolism. The image is one of passive and permissive tolerance of error. To allow things to continue under these conditions will ensure that they get worse. The line can sometimes refer to a state of complacent ignorance of the true situation. If your assumptions are incorrect in the first place, then your query is by definition inappropriate: re-think the question to discover the error.
Psychic inertia is also evident in our resistance to any form of change in conditioned patterns, no matter how promising or favorable it may be. Any psychoanalyst knows from dealing with "resistance" that every basic psychological change entails a deathlike experience for the ego. New possibilities produce so much anxiety that the most destructive past adaptations seem safer and inspire more confidence. E. C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. Passive indulgence in an old weakness leads to failure.
B. You think things are OK, but they're not: rectify a past error.
C. "A stitch in time saves nine."
Line 6
Legge: The sixth line, dynamic, shows us one who does not serve either king or feudal lord, but in a lofty spirit prefers to attend to his own affairs.
Wilhelm/Baynes: He does not serve kings and princes, sets himself higher goals.
Blofeld: He does not serve the King or the nobles -- what he does is even loftier than that. [In other words, if we directly serve the will of heaven; by doing so we act as sages who may safely do whatever they feel is worth doing.]
Liu: By not serving kings and princes, one gains higher recognition.
Ritsema/Karcher: Not affairs, kingly feudatories. Honoring highness: one's affair.
Shaughnessy: Not serving king or lord, but highly elevating his virtue; inauspicious.
Cleary (1): Not serving kings and lords, one makes one’s concerns loftier.
Wu: He does not engage himself in the affairs of kings or princes. He keeps a lofty lifestyle of his own.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: But his aim may be a model to others. Wilhelm/Baynes: Such an attitude may be taken as a model. Blofeld: This indicates that our own will can be our law. [provided we are acting from the highest motives.] Ritsema/Karcher: Purpose permitted by-consequence indeed.
Cleary (2): One’s will can serve as a model. Wu: His aspiration will be admired.
Legge: Line six is dynamic, with no proper correlate below. Hence it suggests the idea of one outside the sphere of action who takes no part in public affairs, but cultivates himself instead.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man does not serve his lord, but lets the world go by and cultivates his own character in solitude. In so doing, however, he creates something valuable for the future of mankind.
Wing: It is possible for you to transcend the entire situation. You do not have to deal with the mundane details of specific social problems. Instead, you may concern yourself with universal goals and personal or spiritual development. Caution: Viewing the world with a cynical or condescending eye, however, will distort your growth, so watch your attitudes carefully.
Editor: One of the most important precepts of the Work is a clear recognition that you can only measure your position and progress against an inner standard. The expectations and apparent achievements of others count for absolutely nothing. You aren't running a race with the world, but striving to beat your own record. One who has taken responsibility for the Work must be prepared to go where its dictates demand, despite what is considered "normal" or "proper" according to contemporary standards. Ritsema/ Karcher's translation of the Confucian commentary ("Purpose permitted by-consequence indeed"), means that one's determination to go it alone is mandated by a deep inner principle. That such an idea occurs in the hexagram of Repair suggests bolstering one's resolve to accept this lonely burden. Blofeld's version of the Confucian commentary ("This indicates that our own will can be our law") is too easily perverted, even with his cautionary note.
Indeed the Gnostics knew something, and it was this: that human life does not fulfill its promise within the structure and establishments of society, for all of these are at best but shadowy projections of another and more fundamental reality. No one comes to his true selfhood by being what society wants him to be nor by doing what it wants him to do. Family, society, church, trade and profession, political and patriotic allegiances, as well as moral and ethical rules and commandments are, in reality, not in the least conducive to the true spiritual welfare of the human soul. On the contrary, they are more often than not the very shackles which keep us from our true spiritual destiny. S. A. Hoeller -- The Gnostic Jung
Autres titres : Délivrance, Le Symbole du Relâchement, Libération, Élimination des Obstacles, Démontage, Démêlé, Solution, Dissolution, Soulagement, Délier, Libération de la Tension
Jugement
Legge :Libération trouve un avantage au sud-ouest. Lorsque l'opération est terminée, un retour à la stabilité apporte de la bonne fortune. Si les opérations ne sont pas terminées, il est préférable de les achever rapidement.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Délivrance. Le sud-ouest favorise. S'il n'y a plus rien (Sic) où l'on doit aller, le retour apporte de la bonne fortune. S'il y a encore quelque chose (Sic) où l'on doit aller, se hâter apporte de la bonne fortune.
Blofeld : Libération. L'ouest et le sud sont favorables. Ceux qui n'ont rien à gagner en avançant trouveront de la bonne fortune en revenant en arrière ; ceux qui ont beaucoup à gagner en avançant doivent se hâter pour être sûrs de bien faire. [Ce n'est pas le moment de rester où nous sommes. Si nous n'avons pas de bonne raison d'avancer, il vaut mieux reculer.]
Liu : Libération. Le sud-ouest est bénéfique. S'il n'y a rien pour quelqu'un là où il doit aller, alors revenir apporte de la bonne fortune. S'il y a quelque chose dans un endroit où l'on peut aller, alors y aller rapidement mène à la bonne fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher : Démontage. Récolte : Ouest Sud. Sans endroit où aller : son retour est significatif. Possédant une direction : Aube significative. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de réflexion et de libération de la tension. Il souligne que l'analyse et la compréhension des choses pour être délivré de la contrainte est la manière adéquate de la gérer...]
Shaughnessy : Démêlé : Bénéfique au sud-ouest ; il n'y a nulle part où aller ; son retour est de bon augure ; il y a un endroit où aller passer la nuit ; de bon augure.
Cleary (1) : Pour libération, le sud-ouest est bénéfique. Quand on ne va nulle part, le retour apporte de la bonne fortune ; quand on va quelque part, la promptitude apporte de la bonne fortune.
Cleary (2) : Pour solution, le sud-ouest est bénéfique. Ne pas aller nulle part, revenir est chanceux, etc.
Wu : Soulagement indique un avantage au sud-ouest. S'il entreprend de faire quelque chose sans cause, il sera de bon augure pour lui de revenir à son ancien poste. S'il entreprend de faire quelque chose avec une cause, il sera de bon augure pour lui de le faire tôt.
L'Image
Legge : Libération montre un orage qui clarifie l'atmosphère. L'homme supérieur, en accord avec cela, pardonne les erreurs et traite les crimes avec douceur.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Le tonnerre et la pluie s'installent : l'image de la Délivrance. Ainsi l'homme supérieur pardonne les erreurs et pardonne les méfaits.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise le tonnerre et la pluie apportant la libération. L'Homme Supérieur tend à pardonner les torts et traite les crimes avec indulgence. [Les trigrammes composants suggèrent qu'une certaine quantité d'action énergique est requise.]
Liu : Le tonnerre et la pluie viennent, symbolisant la Libération. L'homme supérieur pardonne les erreurs et pardonne les criminels.
Ritsema/Karcher : Tonnerre, pluie, excitation. Démontage. Un chun tzu utilise le pardon des excès pour pardonner les offenses.
Cleary (1) : Le tonnerre et la pluie agissent, dissolvant. Ainsi les personnes supérieures pardonnent les fautes et pardonnent les crimes.
Cleary (2) : Tonnerre et pluie – solution. Etc.
Wu : Il y a du tonnerre et de la pluie ; c'est le Soulagement. Ainsi le jun zi pardonne les transgresseurs involontaires et atténue (Sic) les délinquants criminels.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge : Libération montre le trigramme du Mouvement au-dessus du trigramme du Danger -- par le mouvement, il y a une échappatoire au péril. Un mouvement précoce vers le sud-ouest gagne l'allégeance des masses et ramène l'état à la normalité et à l'équilibre. Lorsque le ciel et la terre sont libérés de l'emprise de l'hiver, nous avons du tonnerre et de la pluie. Quand ceux-ci viennent, les bourgeons de la végétation fruitière commencent à s'ouvrir. Grands en effet sont les phénomènes au temps de laLibération.
Legge : Le caractère chinois écrit pour Libération est le symbole du dénouement -- défaire un nœud ou démêler une complication. Cet hexagramme dénote une condition dans laquelle l'obstruction et la difficulté de la figure précédente ont été supprimées. La leçon est de savoir comment cet état nouveau et meilleur du royaume doit être traité. S'il ne reste aucune tâche à accomplir, plus tôt les choses reprendront leur cours normal, mieux ce sera. Si d'autres opérations sont nécessaires, qu'elles soient accomplies sans délai. Les éditeurs de K'ang-hsi disent que se déplacer vers le sud et l'ouest est la même chose que revenir à la normalité.
Le tonnerre et la pluie clarifient l'atmosphère, et un sentiment d'oppression est soulagé. Les images du printemps dans le commentaire confucéen se réfèrent à la politique douce d'un souverain conquérant qui pardonne l'opposition de ceux qui cessent de résister.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : Faites ce qui doit être fait de toute évidence et revenez à la stabilité dès que possible.
L'Homme Supérieur pardonne, oublie et ne garde pas de rancune. (c'est-à-dire, la stabilité est plus importante que de blâmer ou de discuter de qui a raison.)
Si le trente-neuvième hexagramme de Impasse est retourné, il devient le quarantième hexagramme de Libération ou Délivrance. Les deux figures représentent des situations opposées : si Impasse crée de la tension, alors Libération la libère. Le trigramme supérieur du Mouvement monte pour échapper au trigramme inférieur du Danger, nous donnant une image sans ambiguïté de liberté et de soulagement.
En dehors de toute personnification, l'ensemble de l'espace dans lequel la vie se trouve a un caractère spirituel malveillant, et les "démons" eux-mêmes sont autant des royaumes spatiaux que des personnes. Les surmonter est la même chose que de les traverser, et en franchissant leurs frontières, ce passage brise en même temps leur pouvoir et réalise la libération de la magie de leur sphère. H. Jonas --La Religion Gnostique
Le commentaire de Legge dans l'hexagramme précédent explique que le "sud-ouest" est la direction de la "terre," la plaine fertile où la vie est naturelle et non contrainte. Confucius nous dit ici qu'un mouvement précoce dans cette direction gagnera l'"allégeance des masses." Interprété psychologiquement, cela se réfère au royaume intérieur de la psyché, où "les masses" sont les pulsions, les émotions et les complexes archétypaux qui composent notre être. Le symbolisme suggère une libération consciente de la tension intérieure.
Ces forces, par conséquent, ne doivent pas être laissées à l'état sauvage, mais devraient être disposées de manière inoffensive ou, mieux encore, utilisées à des fins constructives : activités créatives de divers types ; la reconstruction de notre personnalité, contribuant à notre Psychosynthèse. Roberto Assagioli -- Psychosynthèse