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Enthousiasme16
L'inspiration alimente l'énergie ; alignez l'enthousiasme avec le but pour avancer efficacement.
↓ Line 1
Une action prématurée ou une expression d'enthousiasme peut entraîner des problèmes. Il est sage d'attendre le bon moment.
↓ Line 2
La fermeté et la patience sont nécessaires. En tenant bon, le succès viendra en temps voulu.
↓ Line 6
Un enthousiasme malavisé peut conduire à des erreurs, mais les reconnaître et les corriger évitera les reproches.
↓ Opposition38
Le conflit naît des différences. Cherchez un terrain d'entente et une compréhension mutuelle pour surmonter les séparations et les oppositions. Le respect mutuel ouvre la voie à l'harmonie.
Lectures originales
16 Enthousiasme
Other titles: The Symbol of Harmonious Joy, Repose, Happiness, Providing-for/Provision, Excess, Merriment, Self-confidence, Contentment, Harmonize, Excitement, Intemperance, Self-deception "Repose in the absolute confidence that the action now being taken is right. Also refers to music." -- D.F. Hook
Judgment
Legge: Enthusiasm indicates that feudal princes may be set up and the army advantageously mobilized.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm. It furthers one to install helpers and to set armies marching.
Blofeld:Repose profits those engaged in building up the country and sending forth armies. [This means that perfect certainty as to the rightness of our cause is of great value under the conditions mentioned. The usual meaning of this character is "beforehand" or "happiness." In the English translation of Wilhelm's version, it appears as "enthusiasm." "Repose" was suggested by the Chinese experts who kindly vetted this manuscript. At first I felt hesitant about adopting it, until I realized that, where it is used favorably, it must be understood as the kind of mental repose which follows absolute confidence that the action now being taken is the right one. In lines one, three and six, however, it clearly means failure to act when action is essential; in line five, failure to act owing to incapacity.]
Liu:Happiness. It is of benefit to build up the country (or business), and send the army forth. [Receivers of this hexagram should be wary of exhibiting excessive enthusiasm when beginning a new undertaking. If they are not, there will be misfortune. The hexagram also advises that everything necessary for advancement should be made ready. Then if an opportunity presents itself, it should be seized immediately, without hesitation.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Providing-for , Harvesting: installing feudatories to move legions. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of what is needed to meet the future. It emphasizes that accumulating strength through foresight and prudence so things can be fully enjoyed is the adequate way to handle it. To be in accord with the time, you are told to: provide-for!]
Shaughnessy: Excess: Beneficial to establish a lord and to move troops.
Cleary (1):Joy. It is advantageous to set up a ruler and mobilize the army.
Wu:Merriment indicates the advantage of establishing principalities and taking military actions.
The Image
Legge: Thunder exploding out of the Earth -- the image of Enthusiasm. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, composed their music and honored virtue, offering it especially to God when they worshipped him at the service of their ancestors.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Thunder comes resounding out of the earth: the image of Enthusiasm. Thus the ancient kings made music in order to honor merit, and offered it with splendor to the Supreme Deity, inviting their ancestors to be present.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes thunder over the earth. The ancient rulers venerated heaven's gifts with solemn music and they sacrificed abundantly to the Supreme Lord of Heaven in order to be worthy of their ancestors.
Liu: Thunder arising from the earth symbolizes Happiness. The ancient kings composed music to honor virtue, offering it to God and the spirits of their ancestors.
Ritsema/Karcher: Thunder issuing-forth-from earth impetuously. Providing-for. The Earlier Kings used arousing delight to extol actualizing-tao. Exalting worship's Supreme Above. Using equalizing the grandfather predecessors. [Actualize-tao:ability to follow the course traced by the ongoing process of the cosmos... Linked with acquire, TE: acquiring that which makes a being become what it is meant to be.]
Cleary (1): When thunder emerges the earth stirs: Thus did the kings of yore make music to honor virtue, offering it in abundance to God, thereby to share it with their ancestors.
Wu: Thunder breaks out above the earth with a boom; this is Merriment. Thus the ancient kings used music to praise virtuous accomplishments and made grand offerings to the Supreme Being to be accompanied by their ancestors.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Enthusiasm shows one dynamic line inspiring responsive obedience in all the others: devoted obedience takes action. Such obedient action conforms to natural law and creates order and discipline in the people. The planets and the seasons follow their natural cycles. The sages similarly obey the laws of their nature and the people acknowledge their regulations and punishments as just.
Legge:Enthusiasm shows harmony and contentment throughout the kingdom -- a time when the people rejoice in their sovereign and readily obey him. At such a time his appointments and any military undertakings would be hailed and supported. Because he is close to the fifth place of dignity, the dynamic fourth line is seen as the chief executive officer of the ruler. The ruler has confidence in him, and all of the magnetic lines yield their obedience. Obedience is the attribute of the lower trigram which here takes the initiative and uses Movement, which is the attribute of the upper trigram.
The symbolism of the Image is more obscure than usual. The use of music at sacrifices is supposed to assist in producing the union between God and his worshippers as well as the present and past generations.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment: Delegate authority and gather your forces.
The Superior Man synchronizes his will with the intent of the Self via the principles of the Work.
Enthusiasm is the reverse of the preceding hexagram of Temperance. In Temperance we saw the calm strength of a mountain concealed within the earth. In Enthusiasm we see thunder exploding out of the ground into the sky: the strength that was formerly tempered and restrained is now released. It is significant to note that while every line of Temperance is more or less "favorable,” every line of Enthusiasm is either negative or cautionary -- even the generally positive fourth line carries a hint of warning about “doubt.”
Negatively, Self-Deception (the passion of True Believers) seems to be what this hexagram is portraying. The figure often suggests a callow or deluded buoyancy -- the kind of outlook associated with romantic idealists. In its most negative aspect, Enthusiasm is Intemperance -- the exact opposite of the moderation and restraint shown in the preceding hexagram. The behavior of an untrained Great Dane puppy suddenly bursting into a formal dinner party could be described as "enthusiasm,” but hardly a desirable form thereof. The lower trigram of Obedient Devotion has suddenly employed the action and energy of the upper trigram of Thunderous Shock to express itself. This is inconsistent with the code of the superior man.
Conversely, in its most positive sense, Enthusiasm suggests the surety of total self-confidence. Blofeld translates this as Repose, explaining that the name was suggested to him by his Chinese advisors. We begin to understand this subtle distinction when we compare the seemingly obscure connection with music in the Image with a passage from Chuang- tse:
He who understands the music of heaven lives in accordance with nature in his life and takes part in the process of change of things in his death. In repose, his character is in harmony with the yin principle; in activity, his movement is in harmony with the yang principle. Therefore he who understands the music of heaven is not blamed by heaven or criticized by men ... It is said, "In action he is like heaven. In repose he is like the earth ... Because his mind has found repose, therefore the creation pays homage to him.”
To understand “the music of heaven” is to attain Repose, which is another way of describing the tranquility that comes with furthering the intent of the Self. The only dynamic line in the hexagram is in the minister's place just below the fifth-line ruler. He has the confidence of his sovereign and his actions therefore accord with heaven. We can turn to the Stoics to find an illustration of this idea:
My will is simply that which comes to pass. For I esteem what God wills better than what I will. To Him will I cleave as His minister and attendant; having the same movements, the same desires, in a word the same will as He. -- Epictetus
Thus we see that the hexagram can describe either one of two opposite conditions -- the intemperate Enthusiasm of ego-confidence (a synonym for Self-Deception), or the calm Repose of true SELF-confidence. The fifteenth and sixteenth hexagrams, each the inverse of the other, represent magnetic and dynamic aspects of the same general idea: Enthusiasm, when it emanates from the Self, is just Temperance in action.
Line 1
Legge: The first line, magnetic, shows its subject proclaiming her pleasure and satisfaction. There will be evil.
Wilhelm/Baynes:Enthusiasm that expresses itself brings misfortune.
Blofeld: The crowing of the cock bespeaks repose -- an evil omen! [A sleepy cockcrow is not likely to bring men leaping from their beds, yet the traditional role of the cock is to sound the call to renewed action.]
Liu: Happiness that shows itself off brings misfortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Calling Provision. Pitfall. [Provide(-for)/Provision, YU: ready, prepared for; prearrange, take precaution, think beforehand; satisfied, contented, at ease.]
Shaughnessy: Calling out in excess; inauspicious.
Cleary (1): Trumpeting joy is inauspicious.
Wu: Crowing over merriment will be foreboding.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Her wishes have been satisfied to overflowing. Wilhelm/ Baynes: This leads to the misfortune of having the will obstructed. Blofeld: The evil mentioned in this passage is that which results from utter exhaustion of the will-power. Ritsema/Karcher: Purpose exhausted, pitfall indeed. Cleary (2): Trumpeting joy bodes ill when the aspiration reaches an impasse. [The first yin harmonizes with the fourth yang above and rejoices in this; having no real qualities in oneself, only aspiring to cleave to others, how can one not come to an impasse?]Wu: Lacking aspiration will be foreboding.
Legge: Line one is magnetic, with a dynamic correlate in the fourth place. She may well enjoy the happiness of the time, but unable to contain herself, she erupts in boastful enthusiasm and calls undue attention to herself. Enthusiasm has thus been her undoing.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: At the outset, the man is enthusiastic and boastful.
Wing: Although you may have a harmonious connection with someone in a high position, it does not necessarily indicate that you are on top of the situation. Furthermore, if you boast of your advantage, you will surely invite disaster.
Editor: The meaning here can be subtle. Something (a strong emotion or attitude perhaps) is upsetting one’s equilibrium. In addition to the usual meaning of “enthusiasm,” this can symbolize any release or loss of energy (even despair, anguish, depression or grief – “Anti-Enthusiasm,” if you will), which serves to demolish Repose. Shaughnessy labels it Excess. Wilhelm and Blofeld render the Confucian commentary in terms of the obstruction or exhaustion of willpower. Ritsema/Karcher describe a loss of purpose; Cleary and Wu, blocked aspiration. If this is the only changing line, the hexagram changes to Shock, a plausible consequence in this case.
But woe unto you that are rich! For ye have received your consolation. Woe unto you that are full! For ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! For ye shall mourn and weep. Luke 6: 24-25
A. A false sense of well-being – or, a false sense of despair. Examine the situation to determine where your conscious outlook or emotional response does not conform with the goals of the Work.
B. Ego/Self Repose is obstructed by inappropriate belief.
Line 2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows one who is firm as a rock. She sees a thing without waiting till it has come to pass; with her firm correctness there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Firm as a rock. Not a whole day. Perseverance brings good fortune.
Blofeld: Unmoved as a rock; before the end of day, righteous persistence will bring good fortune. [Unmoved as a rock because of the repose which results from absolute confidence in a decision already taken.]
Liu: Firm and stable like a rock. Do not wait a whole day. Continuing brings good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Chain-mail tending-towards petrification: Not completing the day. Trial: significant.
Shaughnessy: Scratched on a rock; not to the end of the day; determination is auspicious.
Cleary (1): Firm as a rock, not procrastinating, rectitude is good.
Wu: He is upright like a rock. In less time than the passing of the day, he discriminates the good from the bad. To be persevering is auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: This is shown by the central and correct position of the line. Wilhelm/Baynes: Because it is central and correct. Blofeld: This is indicated by the suitable position of this line which is central to the lower trigram. Ritsema/Karcher: Using centering correcting indeed. Cleary (2):
It is balanced in the right way. Wu: Because he is central and correct.
The Master said:"Does not he who knows the inception of things possess spirit-like wisdom? The superior man, in his intercourse with the high, uses no flattery, and, in his intercourse with the low, no coarse freedom: does not this show that he knows the inception of things? Those beginnings are the slight stirrings of movement, and the earliest indications of good fortune or ill. The superior man sees them, and acts accordingly without waiting for the delay of a single day. As is said in the I Ching, `He is firm as a rock, and acts without waiting for the delay of a single day. With firm goodness there will be good fortune.' Firm as a rock, how should he have to wait a single day to ensure his knowing those beginnings and his course? The superior man knows the minute and the manifested; he knows what is weak, and what is strong: he is a model to ten-thousand."
Legge: The magnetic second line is in her correct central position in the lower trigram. Quietly and firmly she is able to abide in her place and exercise a far-seeing discrimination. All is indicative of good fortune.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is quiet, but firm as a rock, yet sensitive to the first imperceptible signs of impending changes. He does not delay in taking action.
Wing: To be able to recognize the early signs of a change in fortune is a tremendous gift. While others may be swept away by compelling rhythms and fads, you adhere firmly to the underlying principles of your nature and react appropriately to the demands of the time. Such is the behavior of leaders.
Editor: All translations except Legge and Cleary's render the second sentence in the imagery of "not waiting for a whole day to pass,” which suggests action taken on the basis of foresight, premonition or intuition. This line is sometimes an injunction to follow your common sense -- saying in effect, that an oracle is unnecessary to proclaim the obvious.
You don't need a weatherman to know
which way the wind blows.
-- Bob Dylan
A. Proper discrimination knows when to act, and when to refrain from action.
B. Your own intuition already knows the answer to your query.
Line 6
Legge: The sixth line, magnetic, shows its subject with darkened mind devoted to the pleasure and satisfaction of the time. But if she changes her course even when it may be considered as completed, there will be no error.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Deluded enthusiasm. But if after completion one changes, there is no blame.
Blofeld: Madcap repose. Fortunately a change takes place, so no blame is involved. [Madcap repose implies being tardy to the point of extreme rashness in the face of approaching danger or of a need to act.]
Liu: Deluded happiness. Change after completion. No blame.
Ritsema/Karcher: Dim Providing-for. Accomplishment: possessing denial. Without fault.
Shaughnessy: Dark excess; if complete perhaps you will be informed; there is no trouble.
Cleary (1): Oblivious in joy. What comes about has change; there is no blame.
Cleary (2): … What has come about changes, etc.
Wu: Merriment is obscured. There may be success, but changes are pending. There will be no error.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: How can one in such a condition continue for long? Wilhelm/Baynes: Deluded enthusiasm in a high place: how could this last? Blofeld: Since this is a top line, the state of madcap repose cannot possibly last long. Ritsema/Karcher: Dim Providing-for located above. Wherefore permitting long-living indeed? Cleary (2): Oblivion in joy is at the top. What can last? Wu: How can the situation continue for long?
Legge: The magnetic sixth line at the end of the hexagram is all but lost.
The action of the figure is over, and if she postpones changing her evil ways any longer, there is no hope remaining for her. However, there is still a chance of safety if she will but change.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is distracted by pleasure and satisfaction. If he changes after the events of the day have run their course, however, the sober awakening will prevent future errors.
Wing: The person in this position is lost in the memory of a compelling and harmonious experience. The time is past, and what is left is empty egotism. Fortunately, reform is possible. There is an opportunity to move on to a situation of new growth.
Editor: This line has a similar auspice as that of its (improper) correlate in line three. Wilhelm's commentary states: "A sober awakening from false enthusiasm is quite possible and very favorable." Note that “no blame” is mentioned, suggesting that you are more ignorant than culpable in the situation at hand.
While he is in a state of bondage, that is while lusts and falsities rule, the man who is subjected by them supposes that he is in a state of freedom; but it is a gross falsity, for at the very time he is carried along by the delight of his lusts and of the pleasures derived from them, that is, by the delight of his loves; and because it is by a delight it appears to him as free. Everyone thinks himself free while he is being led by some love -- so long as he follows whithersoever it leads. Swedenborg -- Arcana Coelestia
A. Conquer your illusions and change your ways.
B. Illusions are shattered when pursued to their logical conclusions.
38 Opposition
Autres titres : Opposition, Le Symbole de l'Étrangeté et de la Désunion, L'Éloignement, Opposés, Polarisation, Aliénation, Distant de, Perversion, Disharmonie, Séparé, Contradiction, Éloignement, Incongruité
Jugement
Legge : Malgré l'Aliénation Mutuelle, il y aura du succès dans les petites affaires.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Opposition. Dans les petites affaires, bonne fortune.
Blofeld : L'Éloignement -- bonne fortune dans les petites affaires.
Liu : Opposition. Dans les petites choses, bonne fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher :Polarisation, Petites Affaires significatives. [Ce hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de choses qui sont connectées mais ne devraient pas se joindre. Il souligne que mettre les choses en opposition tout en reconnaissant leur lien essentiel est la manière adéquate de le gérer...]
Shaughnessy : Perversion : Les petites affaires sont de bon augure.
Cleary (1) : Disharmonie. Une petite affaire se déroulera bien.
Cleary (2) : Opposition, Etc.
Wu : Incongruité indique qu'il est de bon augure de faire de petites choses.
L'Image
Legge : L'image du feu sur un marais forme l'Aliénation Mutuelle. L'homme supérieur, en accord avec cela, accepte les diversités qui composent le tout.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Au-dessus le feu ; en dessous le lac : l'image de l'Opposition. Ainsi, au milieu de toute communauté, l'homme supérieur conserve son individualité.
Blofeld : Ce hexagramme symbolise le feu au-dessus et un lac marécageux en dessous. L'Homme Supérieur atteint la différence par l'unité.
Liu : Le feu au-dessus du lac symbolise l'Opposition. Vivant avec le peuple, l'homme supérieur distingue parmi eux.
Ritsema/Karcher : Feu au-dessus, marais en dessous. Polarisation. Un chun tzu utilise la concorde et aussi la division. [Cf. Solve et Coagula—Ed.]
Cleary (1) : Au-dessus est le feu, en dessous est un lac, disparate. Ainsi, les personnes supérieures sont les mêmes mais différentes.
Cleary (2) : Au-dessus est le feu, en dessous est un lac – opposé. Les personnes développées, etc.
Wu : Le feu au-dessus et le marais en dessous forment l'Incongruité. Ainsi, le Jun zi emprunte des chemins séparés, mais arrive au même but.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge : Dans l'Aliénation Mutuelle, nous voyons le feu monter et l'eau descendre. Nous voyons deux sœurs vivant ensemble dont les volontés vont dans des directions opposées. Cependant, le trigramme inférieur de la Joie est attaché au trigramme supérieur de la Clarté, et la cinquième ligne magnétique est répondue par la deuxième ligne dynamique ; ce sont des signes qu'il peut encore y avoir de la bonne fortune dans les petites affaires. Le ciel et la terre sont séparés et à part, mais le travail qu'ils accomplissent est le même. L'homme et la femme sont séparés et à part, mais avec une volonté commune, ils cherchent le même objet. Il y a une diversité entre les myriades de classes d'êtres, mais il y a une analogie entre leurs diverses opérations. Grands en effet sont les phénomènes et les résultats de cette condition de désunion et de séparation.
Legge : L'Aliénation Mutuelle montre une condition dans laquelle la désunion et la méfiance prévalent. Le hexagramme enseigne comment cet état de choses peut être surmonté dans les petites affaires et la voie préparée pour la guérison de tout le système. Les commentateurs suggèrent que la condition symbolisée ici est une suite nécessaire à la régulation de la famille dans le hexagramme précédent.
Les éditeurs de K'ang-hsi observent que dans de nombreux hexagrammes, nous avons deux filles vivant ensemble, mais que seulement dans celui-ci et le numéro quarante-neuf, l'attention y est appelée. La raison en est que dans ces deux diagrammes, les sœurs sont la deuxième et la troisième filles, tandis que dans les autres, l'une d'elles est l'aînée, dont la place et la supériorité sont fixées, de sorte qu'entre elle et l'une des autres, il ne peut y avoir de division ou de collision. La leçon dans le commentaire confucéen n'est pas l'unité dans la diversité, mais l'union avec diversité.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : En résolvant les différends, commencez par leurs aspects les moins controversés.
L'Homme Supérieur respecte les points de vue alternatifs.
Retournez le hexagramme de Famille et vous obtenez le hexagramme de l'Aliénation Mutuelle. Le contraire de l'unité familiale est l'éloignement, qui combiné avec l'idée de polarité, suggère le type de "repoussement" énergétique que l'on ressent lorsque deux aimants en fer à cheval sont appariés aux mêmes pôles. Malgré cette opposition cependant, chaque ligne traite positivement la situation -- il n'y a pas une image dans le hexagramme qui n'évoque une résolution éventuelle.
Le trente-huitième hexagramme met encore plus l'accent que d'habitude sur les relations (polarités) existant entre ses lignes corrélatives. Cela suggère que les connexions internes surpassent tout éloignement superficiel. L'Aliénation Mutuelle n'est donc pas une condition permanente -- elle représente plus un défi qu'un désastre. Toute polarité est une énergie potentielle pour accomplir un travail utile, et dans ce hexagramme, les polarités sont plus que d'habitude disponibles à cette fin. Cela ne signifie pas que le travail ici est nécessairement facile, juste qu'il offre une grande opportunité de croissance.
Une crise se développe lorsque quelque pression ou événement crée un état de déséquilibre inconfortable qui ne répond pas aux défenses et mécanismes d'adaptation habituels. Elle implique un danger avec à la fois un risque considérable d'aggravation et une opportunité de croissance (avec amélioration de l'intuition, de la maîtrise et de l'estime de soi) ... Le patient doit être éduqué pour comprendre sa situation et aidé à voir que les épisodes douloureux peuvent s'avérer faire partie d'un processus constructif, et ne sont pas la preuve d'une issue désastreuse. R.P. Kluft -- Intervention de Crise Hypnothérapeutique dans la Personnalité Multiple