Équilibrez votre force avec l'humilité, et la persévérance vous mènera en toute sécurité à travers les défis de la vie.
From
15
Modestie
To
29
Danger
Utilisation des soins palliatifs
On apprivoise sa douleur pour pouvoir continuer son activité. taoscopy.com
Modestie15
Adoptez l'humilité et l'équilibre ; laissez la modestie guider vos actions pour un progrès harmonieux.
↓ Line 2
Lorsque la modestie s'exprime naturellement, elle conduit à des résultats positifs et à un succès durable.
↓ Line 3
Une personne qui allie modestie et compétence peut accomplir de grandes choses et mener des projets à bien.
↓ Line 5
Évitez d'exhiber vos ressources. Utilisez-les plutôt de manière judicieuse et affirmée pour atteindre vos objectifs.
↓ Danger29
Affrontez les défis répétés avec courage et détermination. Accueillez les revers comme des opportunités pour renforcer votre résilience. Restez fidèle à vos principes pour traverser les difficultés.
Other titles: Modesty, The Symbol of Humility, Moderation, Humbling, Respectful/Humble, Yielding/Retiring. 1. Obtaining this hexagram implies that modesty is needed in our attitude, meaning, to allow ourself to be led without resistance. – C.K. Anthony. 2. A Humble or modest person is thought of as having an “empty or unoccupied” mind, meaning a mind without prejudice. – Chung Wu. 3. Only superior people who practice Tao know where to stop, disregard what they have and appear to have nothing. – T. Cleary.
Judgment
Legge:Temperance indicates successful progress. Temperancebrings a good issue to the superior man's undertakings.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty creates success. The superior man carries things through.
Blofeld:Modesty brings success. The Superior Man is able to carry affairs through to completion.
Liu: Modesty: success. The superior man can continue to work to the end.
Ritsema/Karcher: Humbling, Growing. A chun tzu possesses completing. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of the necessity to cut through pride and complication. It emphasizes that keeping your words unpretentious is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Modesty: Receipt; the gentleman has an end.
Cleary (1):Humility is developmental. The superior person has a conclusion.
Cleary (2):Humility gets through. A leader has a conclusion.
Wu:Humility is pervasive. The jun zi will have grace in death.
The Image
Legge: A mountain hidden within the earth -- the image of Temperance. The superior man, in accordance with this, diminishes his excesses to augment his insufficiencies, thus creating a just balance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Within the earth, a mountain: the image of Modesty. Thus the superior man reduces that which is too much, and augments that which is too little. He weighs things and makes them equal.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes a mountain in the centre of the earth. The Superior Man takes from where there is too much in order to augment what is too little. He weighs things and apportions them fairly. [The component trigrams symbolize a mountain surrounded by flat earth, thus suggesting too much in one place and too little in others.]
Liu: The mountain within the earth symbolizes modesty. The superior man reduces the excess and increases the lacking; he weighs and then equalizes all things.
Ritsema/Karcher: Earth center possessing mountain. Humbling. A chun tzu uses reducing the numerous to augment the few. A chun tzu uses evaluating beings to even spreading-out.
Cleary (1): There are mountains in the earth; modesty. Thus does the superior person decrease the abundant and add to the scarce, assessing things and dealing impartially.
Cleary (2): … Leaders assess people and give impartially, by taking from the abundant and adding to the scarce.
Wu: There is a mountain inside earth; this is Humility. Thus the jun zi takes excess from the more to enrich the less and measures goods to ensure fair distribution. [To prepare oneself to accept what is fair among all his fellow men is the essence of humility.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: It is the way of heaven to dispense its blessings downwards, and the way of earth to radiate its influence upwards. Both heaven and earth diminish the full to augment the lowly. Spiritual beings inflict calamity on the proud and bless the meek, and men resent ostentation and love temperance. Temperanceenlightens an honorable office, and neither will men ignore it in lowly positions. Thus does the superior man attain his ends. [Emphasis editor's -- Ritsema/Karcher translate "spiritual beings" [Kuei Shen] as: "The whole range of imaginal beings both inside and outside the individual; spiritual powers, gods, demons, ghosts, powers, fetishes.”]
Legge: An essay on temperance rightly follows that on abundant possessions. The third line, dynamic among five magnetic lines, in the topmost place of the trigram of Keeping Still, is the ruler of the hexagram. He is the representative of Temperance -- strong, but self-effacing. The idea is that temperance is the way to permanent success.
The Confucian commentary deals generally with the subject of temperance, showing how it is valued by heaven and earth, by spirits and by men. The descent of the heavenly influences, and the low position of the earth are both symbolic of temperance. The heavenly influences are seen in the daily fluctuations of the sun and moon, and the fertility of the earth correspondingly waxes and wanes with the seasons.
The Daily Lecture says:"The five yin lines above and below symbolize the earth; the one yang line in the center is the mountain in the midst of the earth. The many yin lines represent men's desires; the one yang line represents the heavenly principle. The superior man, looking at this symbolism, diminishes the multitude of human desires within him, and increases the single shoot of the heavenly principle; so does he become grandly just, and can deal with all things evenly according to the nature of each. In whatever circumstances or place he is, he will do what is right.”
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment:Temperance means maintaining a dynamic/magnetic balance of forces to attain success.
The Superior Man maintains equilibrium in all that he does.
The most common translation of the title for this hexagram is Modesty, but I have chosen Temperance as a title more expressive of the ideas in the Image and Confucian commentary. The words “modesty” and “humility” often carry a connotation of weakness in western usage, and “temperance,” meaning to temper or regulate, is more expressive of the dynamic strength of will required to restrain and modulate the drive to dominate every situation.
The Image shows a mountain hidden beneath the earth--the quiet, invincible power of sheer will is hidden from view, yet it influences everything. Who observing such a level surface would know that the bulk of Mt. Everest was buried beneath it? Temperance means that one's power is hidden, that the fluctuations of heaven and earth are kept in such dynamic/magnetic balance as to be invisible to ordinary vision. The temperate person is strong enough to bear the weight of the world when that is necessary for the Work.
Marcus Aurelius, the Stoic Roman Emperor, was arguably the most powerful man of his time, yet his temperance and modesty showed him to fulfill the ideal of the superior man. Only the truly strong can be truly modest.
And let this truth be present to thee in the excitement of anger, that to be moved by passion is not manly, but that mildness and gentleness, as they are more agreeable to human nature, so also are they more manly; and he who possesses these qualities possesses strength, nerves and courage, and not the man who is subject to fits of passion and discontent. For in the same degree in which a man's mind is nearer to freedom from all passion, in the same degree also is it nearer to strength. Marcus Aurelius
Line 2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows us temperance that has made itself recognized. With firm correctness there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty that comes to expression. Perseverance brings good fortune.
Blofeld: Modestly crows the cock. Righteous persistence brings good fortune.
Liu: Modesty is expressed. Continuing brings good fortune.
Shaughnessy: Calling modesty; determination is auspicious.
Cleary (1): Expressing humility is upright and good.
Cleary (2): Expressing humility is good if correct.
Wu: The subject rolls about humility. With perseverance there will be auspiciousness.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: She has the virtue in the core of her heart. Wilhelm/ Baynes: He has it in the depths of his heart. Blofeld: The cry reaches the depths of our hearts. Ritsema/Karcher: Centering the heart acquiring indeed. Cleary (2): Good if correct in the sense of attainment of the heart. Wu: Because it comes from the heart.
Legge: Line two is magnetic, central, and in her proper place. She represents temperance that has "crowed” -- that is, has proclaimed itself.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Modesty is at the core of the man's being and reveals itself in his outward behavior.
Wing: By maintaining a careful inner Moderation, your outward actions gain influence and weight. You will now be entrusted with responsibilities. A thoroughness in your actions brings good fortune.
Editor: Temperance that "crows” seems to be a contradiction in terms; nevertheless, the image suggests the expression of temperance in one's behavior. A certain sacrifice of autonomy is implied.
The greater you are, the more you should behave humbly, and then you will find favor with the Lord. Ecclesiasticus 3: 19
A. Submit to the requirements of the time.
B. "Modesty is the best policy."
C. Show a little temperance in your behavior, or maintain your temperate attitude.
Line 3
Legge: The third line, dynamic, shows the superior man of acknowledged merit. He will maintain his success to the end, and have good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: A superior man of modesty and merit carries things to conclusion. Good fortune.
Blofeld: The Superior Man, exceedingly hard-working yet modest, brings his affairs to fruition -- good fortune!
Liu: The superior man works in a modest way to conclusion. Good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Toiling Humbling: chun tzu. Possessing completing significant.
Shaughnessy: Toiling modesty; the gentleman has an end; auspicious.
Cleary (1): Working with humility, the superior person has a conclusion. This bodes well.
Cleary (2): Leaders who work and achieve yet are humble have an auspicious conclusion.
Wu: Working hard toward humility, the jun zi will have grace in death. This will be auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The myriads of the people will submit to him. Wilhelm/ Baynes: All the people obey him. Blofeld: The people most willingly submit to him. Ritsema/Karcher: The myriad commoners submitting indeed. Cleary (2): The people submit to leaders who work and achieve yet are humble. Wu: Because he has the support of all the people.
The Master said:"He toils with success, but does not boast of it; he achieves merit, but takes no virtue to himself from it; this is the height of generous goodness, and speaks of the man who with great merit yet places himself below others. He wishes his virtue to be more and more respectful, he who is so modest, carrying his respectfulness to the utmost, will be able to preserve himself in his position.”
Legge: Line three is dynamic, and occupies his proper place. He is the lord of the hexagram, to whom all represented by the lines above and below turn.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man disregards his fame and acknowledged merit but toils on laboriously and unpretentiously. He is supported by all the people in bringing his works to a successful conclusion.
Wing: With an unwavering commitment and hard work, you gain honor and fame. Do not allow such recognition to lead you astray or put you in a compromising position. Maintaining the perseverance that brought you prominence will win you continued support. You can then bring your work to completion.
Editor: The key idea here is the notion of inferior elements submitting to a calmly devoted superior element. The inferior elements acknowledge their superior and willingly submit to him.
Plans for control of the evil forces that have been loosed in the world, attempts to compensate the evil- doing by good works or sympathy for the victims, efforts to safeguard the peace or to effect ideal solutions of all the material problems involved, can do little to change the nature of the situation. The real problem, namely, the question of what can be done for civilization in face of the nonhuman forces arising from the collective unconscious in thousands or rather millions of individual persons, will remain untouched. However, if only one human being has met and solved the problem in himself, he will be a living demonstration of a solution. Such an individual carries with him the germ of a renaissance of the spiritual values of mankind. M.E. Harding -- Psychic Energy
A. The ego fulfills its role by bringing disparate elements (emotions, desires, appetites, etc.) into willing compliance with the goals of the Work.
B. A strong stance inspires obedience.
Line 5
Legge: The fifth line, magnetic, shows one who, without being rich, is able to employ her neighbors. She may advantageously use the force of arms. All her movements will be advantageous.
Wilhelm/Baynes: No boasting of wealth before one's neighbor. It is favorable to attack with force. Nothing that would not further.
Blofeld: In treating his neighbors, he is modest about his wealth. If he now attacks the rebels, everything will contribute to his success.
Liu: Do not show off your riches to your neighbor. It is beneficial to attack with force. It is favorable for everything.
Ritsema/Karcher: Not affluence: using one's neighbor. Harvesting: availing-of encroaching subjugating. Without not Harvesting.
Shaughnessy: Not wealthy together with his neighbors; beneficial herewith to invade and attack; there is nothing not beneficial.
Cleary (1): Not enriching oneself, one shares with the neighbors. It is beneficial to make an invasion, which will profit all.
Cleary (2): Not rich, employing the neighbors, it is beneficial in invasion and attack; all will profit.
Wu: He is capable of influencing his neighbors, despite his lack of wealth. It will be advantageous to take military actions. [Military actions are advantageous only if used to quell an insurrection, but certainly not to launch an aggression.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: She may use the force of arms to correct those who do not submit. Wilhelm/Baynes: "It is favorable to attack with force” in order to chastise the disobedient. Blofeld: Such an attack is warranted if the purpose is to chastise those who do not submit to virtuous laws. [This is not an invitation to use force in any circumstances, but only if its use is directed at what is truly perverse or evil.] Ritsema/Karcher: Chastising, not submitting indeed. Cleary (2): In the sense of overcoming the unruly. Wu: Because they are taken against the insurrection.
Legge: Men honor temperance in itself, whether or not it has the power to command obedience and respect. Hence her neighbors follow the ruler in the fifth line, though she may not be very rich or powerful. Her temperance need not prevent her from asserting her rights, even by the force of arms. Any refusal to submit makes an appeal to force necessary. Even the best and most temperate ruler bears the sword, and must not bear it in vain.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man acts energetically with the use of arms, when necessary, in correcting those who do not submit. Even in severity, however, he retains a considerate demeanor, which attracts devoted followers.
Wing: Despite the mild balance that is reached in Moderation, it may be necessary to take forceful action to accomplish your aims. This should not be done with a boastful display of power but with firm, decisive, and objective action. There will be improvement in whatever you undertake.
Editor: Legge's translation differs from the others, stating that one obtains allies from a position of poverty or relative weakness. Wilhelm, Blofeld and Liu all warn about not touting one's wealth (advantage, strength) to one's neighbors -- using them as allies is not specifically mentioned. On the other hand, Ritsema/
Karcher say: "Not affluence: using one's neighbor...” Implicit is the idea that you are in a strong position and needn't belabor the point. The "force of arms” is the use of power, and here we have one able to exercise power through a possible alliance with others like herself (neighbors are peers). Psychologically, it suggests an ego able to discipline and unite most of its inner forces in the furtherance of the Work: one summons up an alliance of power to tame recalcitrant elements within the psyche. If this is the only changing line, the hexagram becomes #39, Obstruction (Impasse) the corresponding line of which portrays the arrival of “friends” (allies), thus reinforcing the concept of obtaining some kind of assistance in the matter at hand.
Only a unified personality can experience life, not that personality which is split up into partial aspects, that bundle of odds and ends which also calls itself "man." Jung --Psychology and Alchemy
A. Do what needs to be done without making a big deal out of it.
B. Image of a proper alliance of forces able to correct the situation without exceeding the mean. A temperate attitude is not inconsistent with the maintenance of strict discipline.
C. “The force of arms” = self-discipline. Pull yourself together to harmonize recalcitrant forces within the psyche.
Autres titres : L'Abysse, Le Symbole de l'Enfoncement, L'Eau, L'Abîme, La Gorge, Gorge Répétée, Piège Répété, Double Piège, Danger Multiple, Double Eau, La Profondeur, Forces Sombres, Le Puits Périlleux, "Cela peut ne pas être aussi mauvais que cela en a l'air, mais quoi qu'il arrive, restez fidèle à vous-même." -- D.F. Hook
Jugement
Legge : Le trigramme de Danger, ici répété, montre la possession de la sincérité, par laquelle l'esprit est pénétrant. Une action en accord avec cela sera de grande valeur.
Wilhelm/Baynes :L'Abysse répété. Si vous êtes sincère, vous avez le succès dans votre cœur, et tout ce que vous faites réussit.
Blofeld : Abîme sur abîme -- grave danger ! Tout ira bien si la confiance est maintenue et un contrôle strict de l'esprit est gardé ; les activités ainsi menées gagneront l'estime.
Liu : Eau doublée. Danger. La sincérité mène au succès (à la paix) dans votre cœur et votre esprit. Vous réussirez dans vos actions. [Ce hexagramme signifie danger, malchance ou enchevêtrement dans une situation difficile... Vous devez être à la fois prudent et patient ; ne luttez pas contre toutes les difficultés qui vous entourent.]
Ritsema/Karcher : Gorge Répétée. Posséder la conformité. Tenir fermement le cœur Croissant. Le mouvement possède de l'honneur. [Ce hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes d'une situation dangereuse que vous ne pouvez éviter. Il souligne que prendre le risque sans réserve, l'action de la Gorge, est la manière adéquate de la gérer. Pour être en accord avec le temps, on vous dit de : s'aventurer et tomber !]
Shaughnessy : Piège Répété : Il y a un retour ; le cœur ajouté ; réception ; en mouvement, il y aura élévation.
Cleary (1) : En maîtrisant les pièges il y a de la véracité ; ainsi l'esprit se développe. Il y a de l'excellence dans la pratique.
Cleary (2) : Dans le danger multiple, s'il y a de la sincérité, l'esprit passe à travers et l'action a de la valeur.
Wu :Piège indique qu'il y a de la confiance. Le cœur de la question est qu'il est omniprésent. Les actions prises en son accord seront louables.
L'Image
Legge : L'image de l'eau coulant continuellement forme le trigramme répété de Danger. L'homme supérieur, en accord avec cela, maintient constamment la vertu de son cœur et la sincérité de sa conduite, et pratique l'affaire de l'instruction.
Wilhelm/Baynes : L'eau coule sans interruption et atteint son but. L'image de l'Abysse répété. Ainsi l'homme supérieur marche dans une vertu durable et poursuit l'affaire de l'enseignement.
Blofeld : Ce hexagramme symbolise l'eau coulant sans cesse et abîme sur abîme. [Le trigramme K'an est généralement de mauvais augure ; ici il apparaît en double comme le trigramme supérieur et inférieur ; ainsi l'implication est que nous sommes assaillis par de graves dangers dont, si nous pouvons y échapper, la plus grande habileté et confiance seront nécessaires pour nous en sortir.] L'Homme Supérieur agit en accord avec les vertus immuables et passe beaucoup de son temps à instruire les autres dans la conduite des affaires.
Liu : L'eau coule sans cesse dans les profondeurs symbolisant Eau doublée. L'homme supérieur préserve constamment sa vertu et pratique sa tâche d'éducation.
Ritsema/Karcher : Ruisseaux réitérant culminant. Gorge Répétée. Un chun tzu utilise des règles actualisant-tao pour se déplacer. [Un chun tzu utilise] la répétition pour enseigner les affaires. [Actualiser-tao, TE : réaliser le tao en action ; pouvoir, vertu ; capacité à suivre le cours tracé par le processus continu du cosmos... Lié à acquérir, TE : acquérir ce qui fait qu'un être devient ce qu'il est censé être.]
Cleary (1) : L'eau voyage, double eau. Ainsi les personnes supérieures pratiquent constamment la vertu et apprennent à enseigner.
Cleary (2) : L'eau vient à plusieurs reprises – danger multiple. Les personnes développées pratiquent l'enseignement par une action vertueuse constante. [C'est en parfait accord avec l'enseignement bouddhiste Tiantai de savoir comment traverser une impasse, la méthode de faire de l'impasse elle-même un moyen de passage ; c'est aussi la méthode d'utiliser habilement les maux naturels.]
Wu : L'eau vient encore et encore ; c'est l'Entrapment. Ainsi le jun zi pratique une conduite vertueuse et révise les didactiques.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge : Danger répété nous montre une souillure succédant à une autre. C'est la nature de l'eau -- elle coule, sans accumuler son volume pour déborder ; elle poursuit son chemin à travers un défilé dangereux, sans perdre sa vraie nature. Que l'esprit soit pénétrant est indiqué par la ligne dynamique au centre. Avancer en accord avec cela sera suivi par la réussite. La hauteur dangereuse du ciel ne peut être ascendue ; les endroits difficiles de la terre sont montagnes, rivières, collines et monticules. Les rois et les princes arrangent, par de tels moyens, de maintenir leurs territoires. Grande est en effet l'utilité de ce qui est enseigné ici sur les saisons de péril.
Legge : Le trigramme de Danger qui est doublé pour former ce hexagramme est le symbole de l'eau, et signifie un puits, une cavité ou un défilé périlleux avec de l'eau qui y coule. Les trigrammes consistent en une ligne centrale dynamique entre deux lignes magnétiques. Ensemble, ils symbolisent le danger -- comment il doit être affronté, ses effets sur l'esprit, et comment s'en échapper.
Liang Yin dit : "L'eau s'arrête au bon moment, et bouge au bon moment. N'est-ce pas un emblème du cours de l'homme supérieur face au danger ?”
Les éditeurs de K'ang-hsi disent que s'exercer à affronter la difficulté et le péril est la manière d'établir et de renforcer le caractère, et l'utilisation de cette expérience se voit dans toutes les mesures d'autodéfense.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : L'engagement envers le Travail engendre un discernement aigu des situations menaçantes et des facteurs qui les créent. Avec la capacité de reconnaître les éléments dangereux dans une situation, le succès est assuré.
L'Homme Supérieur maintient sa connexion avec le Soi et apprend des épreuves ainsi fournies.
C'est l'un des premiers hexagrammes que l'on apprend à reconnaître par nom et numéro, et il est généralement reçu avec appréhension. Comme la carte de la Mort dans le Tarot, il est souvent interprété comme un mauvais présage, bien qu'une compréhension plus profonde révèle une opportunité plutôt qu'une défaite dans de telles images.
Il y a du danger et de la souffrance dans le Travail, mais probablement bien moins (à long terme) que dans une vie ordinaire non examinée. L'angoisse au service d'un but est finalement tolérable -- c'est la souffrance incroyable de l'ignorance qui est vraiment tragique : toute cette douleur et ce chagrin dépensés sur des illusions mondaines !
Le commentaire confucéen fournit des aperçus précieux concernant l'utilisation défensive du danger par les rois et les princes pour protéger leurs royaumes. Maîtriser un défi dangereux avant de pouvoir progresser vers un niveau de conscience supérieur est un thème classique de l'initiation : sans cela, le candidat serait détruit par des forces qu'il n'était pas prêt à affronter. (C'est le but et le sens derrière l'archétype du "Gardien du Seuil".) Le danger est mauvais ou malheureux seulement si l'on est intimidé par lui -- un comportement correct en accord avec les principes du Travail vous mènera toujours à votre destination. Le Soi ne vous donnera que rarement, voire jamais, un test que vous ne pouvez pas réussir si vous vous appliquez pleinement. Quand il semble autrement, gardez à l'esprit que l'échec rend souvent de meilleures leçons que le succès, ou l'illusion de celui-ci.
Une névrose n'est en aucun cas simplement une chose négative, c'est aussi quelque chose de positif. Seul un rationalisme sans âme renforcé par une vision matérialiste étroite pourrait avoir négligé ce fait. En réalité, la névrose contient la psyché du patient, ou du moins une partie essentielle de celle-ci ; et si, comme le prétend le rationaliste, la névrose pouvait être arrachée de lui comme une mauvaise dent, il n'aurait rien gagné mais aurait perdu quelque chose de très essentiel pour lui. C'est-à-dire qu'il aurait perdu autant que le penseur privé de son doute, ou le moraliste privé de sa tentation, ou l'homme courageux privé de sa peur. Perdre une névrose, c'est se retrouver sans objet ; la vie perd son sens et donc sa signification. Ce ne serait pas une guérison, ce serait une véritable amputation. Jung -- Civilisation en Transition