Le véritable pouvoir réside dans l'humilité ; de cette force tranquille, la révolution naît.
From
15
Modestie
To
49
Révolution
Trouver une issue
On peut voir une stratégie de sortie. taoscopy.com
Modestie15
Adoptez l'humilité et l'équilibre ; laissez la modestie guider vos actions pour un progrès harmonieux.
↓ Line 1
La véritable modestie n'est pas autoconsciente. Elle permet d'entreprendre de grandes tâches avec confiance et succès.
↓ Line 4
La modestie dans l'action est toujours bénéfique et conduit au progrès.
↓ Line 5
Évitez d'exhiber vos ressources. Utilisez-les plutôt de manière judicieuse et affirmée pour atteindre vos objectifs.
↓ Révolution49
Acceptez la transformation et le changement, en reconnaissant le besoin de renouveau. Soyez décisif et conscient du timing, facilitant le progrès en vous-même et dans votre environnement.
Other titles: Modesty, The Symbol of Humility, Moderation, Humbling, Respectful/Humble, Yielding/Retiring. 1. Obtaining this hexagram implies that modesty is needed in our attitude, meaning, to allow ourself to be led without resistance. – C.K. Anthony. 2. A Humble or modest person is thought of as having an “empty or unoccupied” mind, meaning a mind without prejudice. – Chung Wu. 3. Only superior people who practice Tao know where to stop, disregard what they have and appear to have nothing. – T. Cleary.
Judgment
Legge:Temperance indicates successful progress. Temperancebrings a good issue to the superior man's undertakings.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Modesty creates success. The superior man carries things through.
Blofeld:Modesty brings success. The Superior Man is able to carry affairs through to completion.
Liu: Modesty: success. The superior man can continue to work to the end.
Ritsema/Karcher: Humbling, Growing. A chun tzu possesses completing. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of the necessity to cut through pride and complication. It emphasizes that keeping your words unpretentious is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Modesty: Receipt; the gentleman has an end.
Cleary (1):Humility is developmental. The superior person has a conclusion.
Cleary (2):Humility gets through. A leader has a conclusion.
Wu:Humility is pervasive. The jun zi will have grace in death.
The Image
Legge: A mountain hidden within the earth -- the image of Temperance. The superior man, in accordance with this, diminishes his excesses to augment his insufficiencies, thus creating a just balance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Within the earth, a mountain: the image of Modesty. Thus the superior man reduces that which is too much, and augments that which is too little. He weighs things and makes them equal.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes a mountain in the centre of the earth. The Superior Man takes from where there is too much in order to augment what is too little. He weighs things and apportions them fairly. [The component trigrams symbolize a mountain surrounded by flat earth, thus suggesting too much in one place and too little in others.]
Liu: The mountain within the earth symbolizes modesty. The superior man reduces the excess and increases the lacking; he weighs and then equalizes all things.
Ritsema/Karcher: Earth center possessing mountain. Humbling. A chun tzu uses reducing the numerous to augment the few. A chun tzu uses evaluating beings to even spreading-out.
Cleary (1): There are mountains in the earth; modesty. Thus does the superior person decrease the abundant and add to the scarce, assessing things and dealing impartially.
Cleary (2): … Leaders assess people and give impartially, by taking from the abundant and adding to the scarce.
Wu: There is a mountain inside earth; this is Humility. Thus the jun zi takes excess from the more to enrich the less and measures goods to ensure fair distribution. [To prepare oneself to accept what is fair among all his fellow men is the essence of humility.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: It is the way of heaven to dispense its blessings downwards, and the way of earth to radiate its influence upwards. Both heaven and earth diminish the full to augment the lowly. Spiritual beings inflict calamity on the proud and bless the meek, and men resent ostentation and love temperance. Temperanceenlightens an honorable office, and neither will men ignore it in lowly positions. Thus does the superior man attain his ends. [Emphasis editor's -- Ritsema/Karcher translate "spiritual beings" [Kuei Shen] as: "The whole range of imaginal beings both inside and outside the individual; spiritual powers, gods, demons, ghosts, powers, fetishes.”]
Legge: An essay on temperance rightly follows that on abundant possessions. The third line, dynamic among five magnetic lines, in the topmost place of the trigram of Keeping Still, is the ruler of the hexagram. He is the representative of Temperance -- strong, but self-effacing. The idea is that temperance is the way to permanent success.
The Confucian commentary deals generally with the subject of temperance, showing how it is valued by heaven and earth, by spirits and by men. The descent of the heavenly influences, and the low position of the earth are both symbolic of temperance. The heavenly influences are seen in the daily fluctuations of the sun and moon, and the fertility of the earth correspondingly waxes and wanes with the seasons.
The Daily Lecture says:"The five yin lines above and below symbolize the earth; the one yang line in the center is the mountain in the midst of the earth. The many yin lines represent men's desires; the one yang line represents the heavenly principle. The superior man, looking at this symbolism, diminishes the multitude of human desires within him, and increases the single shoot of the heavenly principle; so does he become grandly just, and can deal with all things evenly according to the nature of each. In whatever circumstances or place he is, he will do what is right.”
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment:Temperance means maintaining a dynamic/magnetic balance of forces to attain success.
The Superior Man maintains equilibrium in all that he does.
The most common translation of the title for this hexagram is Modesty, but I have chosen Temperance as a title more expressive of the ideas in the Image and Confucian commentary. The words “modesty” and “humility” often carry a connotation of weakness in western usage, and “temperance,” meaning to temper or regulate, is more expressive of the dynamic strength of will required to restrain and modulate the drive to dominate every situation.
The Image shows a mountain hidden beneath the earth--the quiet, invincible power of sheer will is hidden from view, yet it influences everything. Who observing such a level surface would know that the bulk of Mt. Everest was buried beneath it? Temperance means that one's power is hidden, that the fluctuations of heaven and earth are kept in such dynamic/magnetic balance as to be invisible to ordinary vision. The temperate person is strong enough to bear the weight of the world when that is necessary for the Work.
Marcus Aurelius, the Stoic Roman Emperor, was arguably the most powerful man of his time, yet his temperance and modesty showed him to fulfill the ideal of the superior man. Only the truly strong can be truly modest.
And let this truth be present to thee in the excitement of anger, that to be moved by passion is not manly, but that mildness and gentleness, as they are more agreeable to human nature, so also are they more manly; and he who possesses these qualities possesses strength, nerves and courage, and not the man who is subject to fits of passion and discontent. For in the same degree in which a man's mind is nearer to freedom from all passion, in the same degree also is it nearer to strength. Marcus Aurelius
Line 1
Legge: The first line, magnetic, shows us the superior man who adds temperance to his temperance. Even the great stream may be crossed with this, and there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: A superior man modest about his modesty may cross the great water. Good fortune.
Blofeld: The Superior Man, ever modest and retiring, fords the great river -- good fortune! [Any journey undertaken at this time will bring good fortune.]
Liu: The superior man is modest in his modesty. It is favorable to cross the great water. Good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Humbling, Humbling: chun tzu. Availing-of wading the Great River. Significant.
Shaughnessy: So modest is the gentleman; herewith ford the great river; auspicious.
Cleary (1): Humble about humility, the superior person thereby crosses great rivers. This is auspicious.
Cleary (2): Extreme humility. It is fortunate if leaders use this to cross great rivers.
Wu: Being humble about his humility, the jun zi can make use of this virtue to cross the big river. It will be auspicious.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The superior man who adds temperance to his temperance is one who nourishes his virtue in lowliness. Wilhelm/Baynes: The superior man is lowly in order to guard himself well. Blofeld: He shows humility in disciplining himself. Ritsema/Karcher: Lowliness uses originating-from herding indeed. Cleary (2): In extreme humility, leaders manage themselves with lowliness. Wu: The jun zi uses humility for self-discipline.
Legge: A magnetic line at the lowest place in the figure is the fitting symbol of the superior man adding temperance to his temperance. The phrase "nourishes his virtue” in the Confucian commentary is literally: "pastures himself.” He is all temperance -- that is what makes him who he is.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: At the outset, the man retains his humility and does not press any claims. As a result he is free from challenges and does not encounter resistance. Difficult enterprises can be undertaken successfully.
Wing: If you can carry out your proposed endeavor quietly, competently, and thoroughly, without obvious announcements of your intentions, you can achieve even significant aims. With a modest and disciplined attitude, you do not create resistance or invite challenge.
Editor: Wilhelm translates the Confucian commentary in terms of lowliness as a technique of self-protection. Blofeld renders it as showing humility in one's self-discipline. Ritsema/Karcher render the verb MU, Herd, as: “tend cattle; watch over, superintend; ruler, teacher;” which recalls Legge's rendering of: "pastures himself.” The idea is to use the discipline of will to keep oneself under control. The line is conceptually a kind of "shadow” to line one of the following hexagram of Enthusiasm, which see. Sometimes it can have the meaning of "reserve” or "reservations,” as in "taking something with a grain of salt.”
The signs of one who is making progress are these: he censures no man, he praises no man, he blames no man, he accuses no man, he says nothing about himself as if he were somebody or knew something: when he is impeded at all or hindered, he blames himself ... he removes all desire from himself, and transfers aversion only to those things within his power which are contrary to nature: he employs a moderate movement towards every thing: whether he is considered foolish or ignorant, he cares not: and in a word he watches himself as if he were an enemy and lying in ambush. Epictetus
A. If you can maintain perspective, an advance is warranted.
B. A double portion of temperance: preserve your reserve, or your reservations about the matter at hand.
C. The ego undertakes responsibility for the Work with the full awareness that it is only the instrument of a higher intelligence within the psyche. This requires a servant's sense of reserve.
Line 4
Legge: The fourth line, magnetic, shows one whose action would be in every way advantageous, stirring up the more her temperance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Nothing that would not further modesty in movement.
Blofeld: Everything will be propitious for those who cultivate modesty.
Liu: To act with modesty is beneficial toward everything.
Ritsema/Karcher: Without not Harvesting, demonstrating Humbling.
Shaughnessy: There is nothing not beneficial. False modesty.
Cleary (1): Beneficial to all, extending humility.
Cleary (2): Beneficial to all, the exercise of humility.
Wu: Promoting humility is nothing but advantageous.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: In doing this she does not act contrary to the proper rule. Wilhelm/Baynes: He does not overstep the rule. Blofeld: This involves no departure from what is right. Ritsema/Karcher: Not contradicting by-consequence indeed. Cleary (2): This is the way it is supposed to be. Wu: Because it violates no principle.
Legge: Line four is magnetic and in her proper place. She is sure to be successful and prosperous, but being so near the fifth-line ruler she should still use the greatest precaution. The "proper rule” is the rule proper for her in her circumstances so near the place of the ruler.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man maintains his modesty in the proper perspective. He does not avoid his responsibilities, abuse the ruler's confidence, or conceal the subordinate's merit.
Wing: Once the balance of true Moderation is reached, it must be continually maintained. This does not mean simply maintaining the form of Moderation, but continuing to cultivate equilibrium in your character and a sense of responsibility toward your society.
Editor: An unambiguous image of temperate action.
Modesty and humility are not signs of an inferiority complex. They are highly estimable, indeed admirable virtues and not complexes. They prove that their fortunate possessor is not a presumptuous fool but knows his limitations, and will therefore never stumble beyond the bounds of humanity, dazzled and intoxicated by his imagined greatness. Jung -- Depth Psychology and Self-Knowledge
A. Advance the Work through temperate, well-considered action, without exceeding your authority.
Line 5
Legge: The fifth line, magnetic, shows one who, without being rich, is able to employ her neighbors. She may advantageously use the force of arms. All her movements will be advantageous.
Wilhelm/Baynes: No boasting of wealth before one's neighbor. It is favorable to attack with force. Nothing that would not further.
Blofeld: In treating his neighbors, he is modest about his wealth. If he now attacks the rebels, everything will contribute to his success.
Liu: Do not show off your riches to your neighbor. It is beneficial to attack with force. It is favorable for everything.
Ritsema/Karcher: Not affluence: using one's neighbor. Harvesting: availing-of encroaching subjugating. Without not Harvesting.
Shaughnessy: Not wealthy together with his neighbors; beneficial herewith to invade and attack; there is nothing not beneficial.
Cleary (1): Not enriching oneself, one shares with the neighbors. It is beneficial to make an invasion, which will profit all.
Cleary (2): Not rich, employing the neighbors, it is beneficial in invasion and attack; all will profit.
Wu: He is capable of influencing his neighbors, despite his lack of wealth. It will be advantageous to take military actions. [Military actions are advantageous only if used to quell an insurrection, but certainly not to launch an aggression.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: She may use the force of arms to correct those who do not submit. Wilhelm/Baynes: "It is favorable to attack with force” in order to chastise the disobedient. Blofeld: Such an attack is warranted if the purpose is to chastise those who do not submit to virtuous laws. [This is not an invitation to use force in any circumstances, but only if its use is directed at what is truly perverse or evil.] Ritsema/Karcher: Chastising, not submitting indeed. Cleary (2): In the sense of overcoming the unruly. Wu: Because they are taken against the insurrection.
Legge: Men honor temperance in itself, whether or not it has the power to command obedience and respect. Hence her neighbors follow the ruler in the fifth line, though she may not be very rich or powerful. Her temperance need not prevent her from asserting her rights, even by the force of arms. Any refusal to submit makes an appeal to force necessary. Even the best and most temperate ruler bears the sword, and must not bear it in vain.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man acts energetically with the use of arms, when necessary, in correcting those who do not submit. Even in severity, however, he retains a considerate demeanor, which attracts devoted followers.
Wing: Despite the mild balance that is reached in Moderation, it may be necessary to take forceful action to accomplish your aims. This should not be done with a boastful display of power but with firm, decisive, and objective action. There will be improvement in whatever you undertake.
Editor: Legge's translation differs from the others, stating that one obtains allies from a position of poverty or relative weakness. Wilhelm, Blofeld and Liu all warn about not touting one's wealth (advantage, strength) to one's neighbors -- using them as allies is not specifically mentioned. On the other hand, Ritsema/
Karcher say: "Not affluence: using one's neighbor...” Implicit is the idea that you are in a strong position and needn't belabor the point. The "force of arms” is the use of power, and here we have one able to exercise power through a possible alliance with others like herself (neighbors are peers). Psychologically, it suggests an ego able to discipline and unite most of its inner forces in the furtherance of the Work: one summons up an alliance of power to tame recalcitrant elements within the psyche. If this is the only changing line, the hexagram becomes #39, Obstruction (Impasse) the corresponding line of which portrays the arrival of “friends” (allies), thus reinforcing the concept of obtaining some kind of assistance in the matter at hand.
Only a unified personality can experience life, not that personality which is split up into partial aspects, that bundle of odds and ends which also calls itself "man." Jung --Psychology and Alchemy
A. Do what needs to be done without making a big deal out of it.
B. Image of a proper alliance of forces able to correct the situation without exceeding the mean. A temperate attitude is not inconsistent with the maintenance of strict discipline.
C. “The force of arms” = self-discipline. Pull yourself together to harmonize recalcitrant forces within the psyche.
Autres titres : Révolution(s), Transformation, Écorchage, Le Bride, Le Symbole du Changement, Mue, Cuir, Peau, Mue, Couper, Changer, Changement Radical, Renverser
Jugement
Legge : Métamorphose est crue seulement après qu'elle ait été accomplie. La fermeté correcte abolit le regret et apporte un progrès réussi.
Wilhelm/Baynes :Révolution. Le jour même, on vous croit. Suprême succès, favorisant la persévérance. Le remords disparaît.
Blofeld : Révolution. Ce n'est qu'au jour de son achèvement que les hommes y croiront -- succès sublime ! La détermination dans une voie juste apporte récompense ; le regret disparaît ! [Très souvent, cela signifie rénovation, comme du caractère, etc. Mais cela peut aussi signifier exactement ce qu'il dit ; Confucius, bien qu'il considérait la loyauté envers le souverain comme l'une des plus hautes vertus, reconnaissait que les hommes mauvais perdent leur droit de régner par leurs excès, et il est probable que cette notion le précède de plusieurs siècles.]
Liu : Révolution. Quand le jour approprié viendra, le peuple y croira. Grand succès. Il est bénéfique de continuer. Le remords disparaît.
Ritsema/Karcher : Écorchage ; avant-zenith soleil, alors conformant. Printemps Croissance Récolte Essai. Repentir éteint. [Cet hexagramme décrit votre situation en termes de dépouillement d'une couverture protectrice. Il souligne que changer radicalement et renouveler la façon dont vous vous présentez est la manière adéquate de le gérer...]
Shaughnessy :Le Bride : le jour si alors retour ; réception première ; bénéfique de déterminer ; le regret est parti.
Cleary (1) : Dansrévolution, le soleil du soi est vérité : C'est créatif, développemental, fructueux et parfait. Le regret disparaît. [Dans les anciens textes, quand il est dit que l'élixir alchimique est dans les gens, mais qu'ils doivent d'abord raffiner le soi et attendre le moment propice, cela signifie faire une purge radicale de toute la pollution des influences passées et ne laisser aucun défaut dans le cœur.]
Cleary (2) :Changement est cru le jour où il est complété. C'est très réussi, bénéfique si correct. Le regret disparaît.
Wu : Réforme indique que la révolution deviendra crédible quand le moment sera venu. De cette manière, elle est grande et pénétrante et avantageuse d'être persévérante. Le regret disparaîtra.
L'Image
Legge : Un feu dans le marais -- l'image de Métamorphose. L'homme supérieur synchronise ses calculs astronomiques pour clarifier les temps et les saisons.
Wilhelm/Baynes : Feu dans le lac : l'image deRévolution. Ainsi l'homme supérieur met en ordre le calendrier et rend les saisons claires.
Blofeld : Cet hexagramme symbolise le feu s'élevant d'un lac marécageux. L'Homme Supérieur régule le calendrier et assure ainsi que les hommes comprennent bien les temps et les saisons.
Liu : Dans le lac, le feu -- cela symbolise Révolution. L'homme supérieur fait un calendrier, arrangeant clairement les saisons.
Ritsema/Karcher : Marais centre possédant feu. Écorchage. Un chun tzu utilise la régulation du temps pour éclairer les saisons.
Cleary (1) : Il y a du feu dans un lac, changement. Ainsi les personnes supérieures font un calendrier et clarifient les saisons.
Cleary (2) : Feu dans un lac – changement. Les dirigeants font des calendriers pour définir les saisons.
Wu : Il y a du feu sous le marais ; c'est Réforme. Ainsi, le jun zi est inspiré pour développer un système calendaire pour garder le temps.
COMMENTAIRE
Confucius/Legge : Dans Métamorphose, l'Eau et le Feu s'éteignent mutuellement. Quand deux filles avec des points de vue opposés vivent ensemble, le changement est inévitable ; mais après que le changement soit accompli, la foi lui est accordée : La clarté apporte la bonne humeur et le progrès par ce qui est correct. Quand une transformation est correctement accomplie, toute occasion de regret disparaît. Le ciel et la terre subissent leurs changements, et les quatre saisons accomplissent leurs fonctions. Les dirigeants d'autrefois transformaient l'état conformément à la volonté du ciel et en réponse aux souhaits des hommes. Grand en effet est ce qui se passe en temps de changement.
Legge : Le caractère écrit traduit par Métamorphose est utilisé ici dans le sens de changement. Initialement utilisé pour la peau d'un animal ou d'un oiseau, il a reçu la signification de changement à une époque très ancienne. La figure traite du sujet des changements qui sont nécessaires dans l'état du pays. La nécessité du changement est reconnue, et des indices sont donnés quant à l'esprit et à la manière dont ils devraient être réalisés.
Le Jugement suppose que le changement est généralement perçu par les gens avec suspicion et aversion, et ne devrait donc pas être fait hâtivement. [Cela peut se référer à des complexes intérieurs, des habitudes, etc. – Ed.] Quand la nécessité du changement a été prouvée au préalable et ensuite réalisée avec une fermeté correcte, alors le résultat sera satisfaisant.
Le trigramme inférieur est le symbole du Feu et le supérieur de l'Eau. L'eau éteint le feu, et le feu assèche l'eau. Chacun "change" l'autre. Le trigramme inférieur est aussi la deuxième fille et le supérieur est la plus jeune fille. Dans le schéma des trigrammes, ces deux-là sont considérées comme mutuellement incompatibles.
NOTES ET PARAPHRASES
Jugement : Cachée dans son cocon, la chenille devient un papillon -- qui le croirait jusqu'à ce que la Métamorphose soit complète ?
L'Homme Supérieur reconnaît que les séquences célestes créent des changements seulement quand ils sont dus ; il agit donc en accord avec les exigences des temps.
Le quarante-neuvième hexagramme fait une analogie entre la Métamorphose naturelle des peaux d'animaux et la manière appropriée de considérer les changements radicaux dans le gouvernement. Les lignes un, cinq et six se réfèrent toutes à la peau, et deux, trois et quatre se réfèrent à la politique. L'idée générale est que les transformations radicales se produisent à leur propre rythme naturel -- elles ne peuvent pas être forcées avec succès plus que les œufs ne peuvent éclore avant leur temps. L'Image fait ce point dans sa référence à la corrélation céleste des saisons.
Il y a un temps pour tout,
Un temps pour chaque occupation sous le ciel :
Un temps pour naître,
Un temps pour mourir ;
Un temps pour planter,
Un temps pour déraciner ce qui a été planté (etc)...
Ecclésiaste 3: 1-2
Une fois que l'on assume la responsabilité consciente du Travail, il vient une longue période indéfinie où l'on travaille sans cesse sans aucun résultat visible. Les images de rêve et les méditations du I Ching indiqueront que des progrès sont réalisés, mais la vie de l'ego dans l'espace-temps consiste en un labeur apparemment infructueux au service d'un idéal transcendantal. C'est une expérience universelle -- cela arrive à tous ceux qui entreprennent le Travail. Dans la Tradition Mystérieuse Occidentale, cela est connu comme la Nuit Noire de l'Âme. (Voir l'Hexagramme Numéro-36 pour plus d'informations sur ce phénomène inévitable.)
La Personnalité subit une "mort" volontaire, abandonnant tout ce qu'elle croit être. Le plus difficile est que ce sacrifice initiatique, cette reddition totale de la vie, doit précéder l'expérience de la conscience cosmique. On est tenu de renoncer à la totalité de son être, à sa propre vie, dans une obscurité relative, mais dans la foi qu'il y aura une résurrection dans la Lumière. R. Wang -- Le Tarot Qabalistique
Interprétée psychologiquement, Métamorphose signifie que des changements se produisent dans le psychisme inconscient, mais ne vous attendez pas à ce qu'ils se manifestent avant que leur croissance ne soit complète. L'ego doit reconnaître cela et persévérer avec le Travail, même lorsque le "bon sens" conseille le contraire. C'est une période de probation et d'épreuve, et nombreux sont ceux qui échouent au test.
Il n'y a pas de raccourci sans entraver la croissance ou retarder le schéma de flux de l'Âme, jusqu'à ce que chaque fonction physique ou psychologique ait été correctement connectée ou développée ... De nombreux aspirants ne perçoivent pas cette loi et deviennent impatients et même perdent la foi lorsque la Providence semble retenir. Rien ne se produit en dehors de son temps car cela fait partie d'une séquence dans le grand cycle cosmique qui déploie le Grand Dessein de l'Existence. Z.B.S. Halevi -- Kabbale et Exode
Si cette terrible épreuve offre une quelconque consolation, c'est que d'autres ont fait le voyage avant vous, et ont survécu. Gardez la foi que, dans l'imagerie de cet hexagramme, le trigramme inférieur de Perception Claire suivant le trigramme supérieur de Bonne Humeur vous guidera à travers la plus difficile de toutes les transformations.
Là où la question du sens ultime est constellée, la transformation finira par se produire, même si ce n'est qu'au prix de beaucoup de souffrances. E. C. Whitmont -- La Quête Symbolique